Okokuqala, i Michelin akafuni ukwenza amatayara kuphela ngeplastiki esetyenzisiweyo. Iplastiki, kwaye kule meko ikhethekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-PET (i-polyethylene terephthalate), i-polymer ye-thermoplastic esetyenziswa kakhulu kule mihla (ukusuka kwiimpahla ukuya kwiibhotile zamanzi kunye neziselo ezihlwahlwazayo), sesinye sezithako ezininzi ezenza ivili - ngaphezulu kwe-200 ngokutsho kukaMichelin.
Sidla ngokuthi ivili lenziwe ngerabha, kodwa eneneni ayinjalo. Ivili alenziwanga kuphela ngerabha yendalo, kodwa kunye nerabha yokwenziwa, intsimbi, izinto ezilukiweyo (zokwenziwa), iipolymers ezahlukeneyo, ikhabhoni, izongezo, njl.
Umxube weemveliso, kungekhona zonke ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ngokulula okanye zisebenziseke kwakhona, zenza ukuba impembelelo yokusingqongileyo yamatayara iphakame - kwakhona ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwayo - i-Michelin ekhokelela ekuqhubeni injongo yokuba ne-100% yamavili azinzileyo ngo-2050 (inxalenye yesetyhula yezoqoqosho), okt. usebenzisa kuphela izinto ezihlaziyiweyo kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo kwimveliso yayo, kunye nokujoliswe kuko okuphakathi kwe-40% yezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kumatayara ayo azinzileyo ngo-2030.
i-PET ehlaziyiweyo
I-PET sele isetyenziswa namhlanje yi-Michelin kunye nabanye abavelisi befiber ekuveliseni amatayara, kwizinga le-800 yeetoni zamawaka ngonyaka (i-total for the industry), elilingana ne-1.6 yeebhiliyoni zamatayara avelisiweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe i-PET, nangona kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ze-thermomechanical, kwavelisa izinto ezihlaziyiweyo ezingaqinisekisi iipropati ezifanayo njenge-PET enyulu, ngoko ayizange iphinde ingene kwikhonkco lokuvelisa itayara. Kungokunje ukuba inyathelo elibalulekileyo lithathiwe ekufezekiseni itayara elizinzileyo kwaye kulapho iCarbios ingena khona.
UCarbios nguvulindlela kwizisombululo zebioindustrial efuna ukuphinda aqale umjikelo wobomi beplastiki kunye neepolima zelaphu. Ukwenza oko, isebenzisa itekhnoloji yokurisayikilishwa kwe-enzymatic yenkunkuma yeplastiki ye-PET. Iimvavanyo ezenziwa nguMichelin zenze ukuba kuqinisekiswe i-PET yeCarbios ehlaziyiweyo, eya kuvumela ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekuveliseni amatayara.
Inkqubo yeCarbios isebenzisa i-enzyme ekwazi ukukhupha i-PET (equlethwe kwiibhotile, iitreyi, iimpahla ze-polyester), ukubola kwi-monomers yayo (izinto eziphindaphindiweyo kwi-polymer) ethi emva kokudlula kuyo kwakhona inkqubo ye-polymerization ivumela iimveliso. ukuba yenziwe nge-100% ehlaziyiweyo kunye ne-100% ye-PET iplastiki enomgangatho ofanayo njengokuba iveliswe nge-PET enyulu - ngokutsho kweCarbios, iinkqubo zayo zivumela ukubuyiswa okungapheliyo.
Ngamanye amazwi, i-PET yeCarbio ehlaziywe ngokutsha, yavavanywa nguMichelin, yafumana kwa ezo mpawu zifunekayo zokuqina xa kusenziwa amatayara ayo.
Ukuqhubela phambili okungavumeli kuphela i-Michelin ukuba ifikelele ngokukhawuleza kwiinjongo zayo zokuvelisa amatayara azinzileyo, kodwa iya kuvumela ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-PET enyulu, i-petroleum-based (njengazo zonke iiplastiki) - ngokwezibalo zikaMichelin, ukurisayikilishwa kweebhiliyoni ezintathu. Iibhotile ze-PET zikuvumela ukuba ufumane zonke iifiber ozifunayo.