Kwiveki ephelileyo siqhube iToyota Yaris GRMN eSpain — ungabona ezinye iiscreenshots apha. Imodeli, njengoko usazi, isebenzisa injini ye-1.8 litre eqhutywa yi-compressor yevolumetric. Yayisisizathu esifanelekileyo sokuthetha ngobu buchwepheshe kwelinye inqaku kwi-Autopédia yethu.
Umthamo weCompressor?!
Icompressor yevolumetric yinxalenye yomatshini eyenzelwe ukwandisa amandla. Ngokwahlukileyo kwinto onokucinga ngayo, ikude lee ekubeni bubugcisa bale mihla. Iicompressor zokuqala zevolumetric zangaphambi kweMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Uyilo lokuqala lubuyele ekupheleni kwe-1890 kwaye lufikelele kwiimoto kuphela kwi-1921, kunye nezicelo kwi-Mercedes-Benz 6/20 PS kunye ne-10/35 PS.
Ngaphambi koko, yayibubuchwephesha obenze ukuba bakwazi ukwandisa amandla, ukuzimela kunye nokuthwala umthamo weenqwelo zebhombu ezisetyenziswe kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II.
Umphumo wayo osebenzayo ufana ne-turbo: ukucinezela umoya kwigumbi lokutshisa ukunyusa umlinganiselo we-oksijini nge-cm3. Ioksijini eyongezelelekileyo ithetha ukutsha okugqithisileyo, ngoko ke amandla angaphezulu.
Nangona isiphumo esisebenzayo siyafana, indlela abasebenza ngayo ayinako ukwahluka ngakumbi… kususela apha apho izinto ziqala ukuntsonkotha.
Compressors vs Turbos
Ngelixa i-turbos icinezela umoya kwi-injini isebenzisa i-exhaust gases - ngee-turbines ezimbini - i-volumetric compressors iqhutywa ngoomatshini yi-injini, ngebhanti (okanye i-pulley) "eba" amandla kwi-injini. Obu “busela”, njengoko siza kubona kamva, sesinye “sezithende ze-Achilles” zobu buchwepheshe… Kodwa masiqale sijonge kwizinto eziluncedo.
Nangona ukusetyenziswa kweecompressors kunqabile, inyaniso kukuba kukho iinzuzo kolu hlobo lwesisombululo.
ukongeza kwimpendulo ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi kune-turbo, eqala ukusuka kwi-revs ephantsi - kuba akukho lag ngenxa yokungabikho koxinzelelo kwi-exhaust gases njenge-turbos - unikezelo lwamandla lukwanomgca ngakumbi. Ngapha koko, iicompressor zevolumetric nazo zithembeke ngakumbi. Njengoko siyazi, ezinye ii-turbos, kwiinkqubo ezithile, zifikelela kwi-240 000 rpm / min kunye nangaphezulu kwe-900 ºC.
Jonga kule vidiyo ukuba isebenza njani icompressor yevolumetric:
Kodwa asizizo zonke iingenelo. Iicompressors zisebenza kancinci , ngokukodwa kwi-revs ephezulu, ngenxa yokuba i-compressor idinga amandla omatshini, ukudala inertia kwi-motor. I-inertia eguqulela ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kakuhle komatshini we-injini. Ngaba siya kumaxabiso? Kwimeko, umzekelo, i-Mercedes-Benz SL55 AMG, le lahleko yamandla kwisantya esiphezulu iqikelelwa ukuba idlula i-100 hp yamandla.
Eminye imizekelo yeemoto ezibone ii-injini zazo zisebenzisa i-volumetric compressors endaweni ye-turbos yiMINI Cooper S (R53), iMercedes-Benz enegama elithi “Kompressor”, ezinye iinjini zeJaguar V8, iinjini ze-V6 TFSI ze-Audi (njengoko kunjalo nge ividiyo), kunye neToyota Yaris GRMN esandul' ukunikezelwa esele siyivavanyile, kwaye ngesi sisombululo ilawula ukukhupha i-212 hp kwi-injini ye-litha ye-1.8. Ubomi obude kwicompressor!
