Inkqubo yokuQalisa/Yeka njengoko sisazi ukuba ifike kwangoko kunokuba ucinga. Eyokuqala yavela kwi-70s, kwizandla zeToyota, ngexesha apho amaxabiso eoli ayenyuka kakhulu.
Ngenxa yokuba iimoto ezininzi ngelo xesha zisebenzisa i-carburetors, inkqubo ayizange iphumelele. Ixesha ezithathiweyo ii-injini ukuqalisa kunye neengxaki zokusebenza eziye zabonisa, ngoko kuyalelwa.
I-Volkswagen yaba ngowokuqala ukwazisa inkqubo ngobuninzi kwiimodeli ezininzi ezifana nePolo kunye nePassat, kwiinguqulelo ezibizwa ngokuba yiFormel E, kwi-80s. Emva koko, ngokucacileyo kuphela ngo-2004 ukuphunyezwa kwenkqubo yavela, eyenziwa nguValeo kwaye yasetyenziswa. ukuya eCitroën C3.
Okuqinisekileyo kukuba okwangoku i-Start/Stop is transversal kuwo onke amacandelo, kwaye ungayifumana kubantu basezidolophini, kusapho, ezemidlalo, kunye nayo nayiphi na enye into onokuyicinga.
Ukhumbula ukuba injini yepetroli yanamhlanje, amafutha asetyenzisiweyo ekuqaliseni okutshisayo ayafana nalawo afunekayo kwimizuzwana eyi-0.7 xa engenzi nto , saqonda ngokulula ukuba luncedo kwenkqubo.
Ngokwenza ingqiqo, kwaye iyaqwalaselwa enye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokugcina amafutha , kodwa umbuzo uphakama rhoqo. Ngaba inkqubo iya kuba luncedo kwixesha elide kubomi be-injini? Kufanelekile imigca embalwa ngakumbi ukuba uyiqonde.
Ingaba isebenza kanjani
Inkqubo yenzelwe ukuphelisa iimeko apho isithuthi singenakunyakaziswa, kodwa nge-injini esebenzayo, isebenzisa amafutha kunye nokukhupha iigesi ezingcolisayo. Ngokwezifundo ezininzi, ezi meko zimele i-30% yeendlela eziqhelekileyo kwisixeko.
Ngaloo ndlela, nanini na xa ingasebenzi, inkqubo iyayicima injini, kodwa imoto igcina phantse yonke eminye imisebenzi isebenza. Uyathanda? Nantso ke...
Ukungena kwi-Start/Stop ayisiyondlela nje yokukhetha ekuvumela ukuba ucime injini. Ukuze ukwazi ukuthembela kule nkqubo, amanye amacandelo afunekayo, angavumeli kuphela ukuba asebenze kodwa aqinisekise ukuba ayenzi naziphi na iingxaki.
Ke, kwiimoto ezininzi ezine-Start/Stop system sinazo ezi zinto zilandelayo zongezelelweyo:
Imijikelo yokuqalisa kunye nokuyeka injini
Imoto ngaphandle kokuQalisa / Ukumisa ihamba, ngokomndilili, idlula amawaka angama-50 yokumisa kwaye iqale imijikelo yenjini ngexesha lobomi bayo. Kwimoto ene-Start / Stop system, ixabiso likhuphukela kwi-500,000 cycles.
- Injini yokuqalisa eyomeleziweyo
- Ibhetri enkulu yomthamo
- Injini yokutshisa yangaphakathi elungiselelweyo
- Inkqubo yombane elungiselelweyo
- I-alternator esebenza ngakumbi
- Iiyunithi zokulawula ezinojongano olongezelelweyo
- Izinzwa ezongezelelweyo
Inkqubo yokuQalisa/Yeka ayicimi imoto (ukuyitshisa), icima injini kuphela. Yiyo loo nto yonke eminye imisebenzi yemoto ihlala isebenza. Ukuze oku kwenzeke, kufuneka isixokelelwano sombane esilungelelanisiweyo kunye nomthamo omkhulu webhetri, ukuze babe nokumelana nokusebenza kombane wemoto xa injini icinyiwe.
Ngaloo ndlela, sinokuqwalasela ukuba "ukunxiba okukhulu kwamacandelo" ngenxa yenkqubo yokuQala / yokuyeka yintsomi nje.
Iingenelo
Njengeenzuzo sinokugqamisa eyona njongo iphambili eyadalwa ngayo. Ukugcina amafutha.Ukongeza koku, okungenakuphepheka ukuncitshiswa kokukhutshwa kongcoliseko xa imoto immobilized, yenye inzuzo, kuba kukho kwakhona a ukuncitshiswa kwerhafu yendlela (IUC).
THE ukuthula nokuzola ukuba inkqubo ivumela i-injini ukuba icinywe kwi-traffic nanini na xa imisiwe, kodwa ngokucacileyo akunjalo, nayo ibalulekile, ekubeni singasenalo naluphi na uhlobo lokungcangcazela kunye nengxolo ebangelwa yi-injini ngexesha sihlala singashukumi.
Iingxaki
Kunokwenzeka ukuqwalasela ukuba akukho bubi ekusebenziseni inkqubo, kuba kuhlala kunokwenzeka ukuyicima. Nangona kunjalo, xa oku kungenziwanga, sinokuthandabuza ekuqaliseni, nangona iinkqubo zikhula ngakumbi kwaye zivumela ukuba i-injini iqale ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza.
Kubomi obuluncedo bemoto, i ixabiso lebhetri , njengoko kukhankanyiwe zikhulu kwaye zinamandla aphezulu okuxhasa inkqubo, zikwabiza kakhulu.
Kukho iinketho
Ukuqaliswa kwenkqubo yokuQalisa/Yeka kunyanzelise abavelisi ukuba baqinisekise ukuba i-injini iyakwazi ukumelana nokumisa izihlandlo ezininzi ezilandelelanayo xa inkqubo iqalisa. Kule, inkqubo isebenza ngeemeko ezininzi ezithi, ukuba aziqinisekiswanga, zithintele inkqubo, okanye ziyimise, ezizezi:- ubushushu benjini
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-air conditioning
- ubushushu bangaphandle
- Uncedo lokuqhuba, iziqhoboshi, njl.
- amandla ebhetri
- amathambeka
Ukucima? Ngoba?
Ukuba kuyinyani ukuba ukuze inkqubo isebenze kuyimfuneko ukuzalisekisa uthotho lweemfuno ezifana nokuba nebhanti lesihlalo libotshwe, nokuba ne-injini kubushushu obufanelekileyo, phakathi kwabanye, kukwayinyaniso ukuba ngamanye amaxesha inkqubo iyasebenza. ngaphandle kwezinye zeemfuneko ezifezekisiweyo.
Enye yeemfuno zenkqubo ukuba ingaqalisi ukusebenza inento yokwenza nento yokuba qinisekisa ukuthambisa, ukupholisa kunye nokupholisa . Ngamanye amazwi, emva kohambo olude, okanye iikhilomitha ezimbalwa kwisantya esiphezulu, akukho lula konke konke ukuba injini icinywe ngequbuliso.
Le yenye yeemeko apho kufuneka uvale inkqubo , ukuze injini ingacimi ngoko nangoko kwindawo yokumisa kulandela uhambo olude okanye “olungxamileyo”. Ikwasebenza kuyo nayiphi na imeko yoxinzelelo, ukuqhuba imidlalo okanye kwisekethe. Ewe, ngezo ntsuku zokulandelela ndikucebisa ngamandla ukuba uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo icinyiwe.
Enye imeko xa uqhuba ngaphandle kwendlela, okanye umzekelo kwindawo ekhukhulayo ngexesha lemvula enkulu. Kwakhona kucacile. Eyokuqala kukuba ukuwela imiqobo ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa ngesantya esiphantsi kangangokuba inkqubo iya kuyicima i-injini, xa enyanisweni sifuna ukuqhubela phambili. Okwesibini kukuba, kwimeko apho umbhobho wokuphuma uphantsi kwamanzi, xa injini iqalisa, amanzi afunxwa ngombhobho wokukhupha umoya, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kwi-injini osenokubonakala ungenakulungiswa.
Iziphumo?
Ezi meko, esisandula ukuzikhankanya, zinokubangela ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka, ngakumbi kwi-supercharged (nge-turbo) kunye neenjini zamandla aphezulu - i-Turbos ayifezekanga kuphela. isantya sokujikeleza ngaphezu kwe-100,000 rpm , banokufikelela njani amaqondo obushushu amakhulu amakhulu ngamakhulu e centigrade (600 °C – 750 °C) Ngaloo ndlela, kulula ukuqonda okwenzekayo xa injini ima ngequbuliso. Ukuthambisa kuyeka ukwenziwa ngesiquphe, kwaye ukothuka kwe-thermal kukhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi ngakumbi kwimihla ngemihla kwaye xa uqhuba ezixekweni, iinkqubo zokuQalisa / zokumisa ziyilelwe ukuxhasa ubomi bemoto bonke, kwaye ngenxa yoko onke amacandelo anokuthi abandezeleke ngakumbi kule nkqubo omeleziwe.