IPorsche iphonononga itekhnoloji yoshicilelo ye-3D ngokukhutheleyo kwaye ngoku, okokuqala ngqa, iyisebenzisa kwizinto ezinoxinzelelo olukhulu olushukumayo olunje ngeepiston. Ziseyiprototype, kodwa iziphumo zokuqala zovavanyo kwiipistons eziprintiweyo ziyathembisa.
Isiphumo sobudlelwane bophuhliso phakathi kwePorsche, uMahle kunye neTrumpf (abaphuhlisa inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokushicilela), ukuvavanya le teknoloji, umenzi waseJamani wahlanganisa ezi pistons kwi-flat-six ye "monster" 911 GT2 RS.
Usenokuba uyabuza, kutheni uprinta ipistons?
Iipistons ezibunjiweyo kwi-injini ye-911 GT2 RS sele isebenzisa iteknoloji yemveliso edibanisa ukukhanya, amandla kunye nokuqina. Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zokumelana nobunzima bokusebenza okuphezulu okuthenjisiweyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuya phambili. Ushicilelo lwe-3D okanye ukuveliswa okongeziweyo (ngoomaleko) kukuvumela ukuba uphucule uyilo lwepiston, ngakumbi kwinqanaba lolwakhiwo, usebenzisa imathiriyeli kuphela kwaye kuphela apho amandla asebenza kwipiston. Ukulungelelaniswa okungenzekiyo ukufunyanwa ngeendlela zokwenziwa kwemveli, kunokwenzeka kuphela kuba ushicilelo lwe-3D "ludala" umaleko wento emva komaleko, okwenza ukuba kuphononongwe iindlela ezintsha.
Bhalisa kwincwadana yethu
Ukulungiswa koyilo kuphumela kwizinto eziphilayo ezingaphezu kweemilo zejometri ezibonakala zivela ngokuthe ngqo kwindalo, kungoko kuchongwa uyilo lwebhayonikhi.
Ekugqibeleni, sinecandelo elinemfezeko yolwakhiwo oluyimfuneko-i-Porsche ithi iipistons zayo eziprintiweyo zomelele ngakumbi kunezo zenziweyo-kodwa izinto ezincinci ezifunekayo ukufezekisa oku kubangela icandelo elilula.
Ukuthelekiswa kwepiston yomgunyathi (ekhohlo) enepiston eprintiweyo (ngasekunene).
I-10% ikhaphukhaphu, ngaphezulu kwe-300 rpm, ngaphezulu kwe-30 hp
Kwimeko yeepiston zePorsche eziprintiweyo, obu buchwepheshe bubavumele ukuba banciphise ubunzima bazo nge-10% xa kuthelekiswa neepistons ezenziwe ngomgunyathi ezisetyenziswa kumgangatho we-911 GT2 RS, kodwa ngokutsho kukaFrank Ickinger wesebe lophuhliso oluphezulu lwePorsche “ukulinganisa kwethu kubonisa ukuba kukho. isakhono sokuya kuthi ga kwi-20% yokonga ubunzima”.
Kwinqwelo-mafutha, ubunzima, okanye ubukhulu, bulutshaba—kuyafana nakwinjini. I-piston yinto ehambayo, ngoko ukususa ubunzima kuzisa inzuzo. Ngokukhanya ngakumbi kukho inertia encinci, ngoko, ngokomgaqo, umgudu omncinci uya kufuneka ukuwuhambisa.
Isiphumo kukuba iipistons eziprintiweyo zePorsche zivumele i-911 GT2 RS's 3.8 biturbo flat-six ukuba iqhube kwi-300 rpm ngaphezu kwe-injini yemveliso, okukhokelela kwi-30 hp yamandla aphezulu, okanye i-730 hp endaweni ye-700 cv.
Kodwa izibonelelo azipheli ngokukhanya okukhulu kwepiston. Njengoko besesitshilo, ushicilelo lwe-3D luvumela iindlela ezingenakwenzeka ukuba ziphunyezwe ngeendlela zemveli zokuvelisa. Kwimeko yezi pistons eziprintiweyo, ukuveliswa kwe-maleko kuvunyelwe ukongezwa kombhobho wokupholisa emva kwamakhonkco episton. Kufana netyhubhu evaliweyo ngaphakathi kwepiston, eneendawo ezimbini zokungena kunye neendawo zokuphuma kwisekethe yeoli.
Ngale ndlela yokupholisa okongeziweyo, iqondo lobushushu lepiston xa lisebenza liye lehla ngaphezu kwe-20 ° C ngokuchanekileyo apho lixhomekeke kwimithwalo ephezulu yokushisa. Ngokufumana ubushushu obuphantsi bokusebenza kwepiston, iPorsche ikwakwazile ukwandisa ukutsha, ukonyusa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu, kubangele ukusebenza kakuhle. Njengoko uFrank Ickinger ebeka:
"Lo ngumzekelo omhle wendlela injini yokutsha isenamandla kwikamva."
Zenziwa njani iipiston zePorsche eziprintwayo
Ukusebenzisana noMahle - oye waphuhlisa kwaye wavelisa iipistons ezibunjiweyo ze-911 GT2 RS - zabavumela ukuba baphuhlise i-metallic powder esebenza njenge "inki" yokushicilela iipiston. Umgubo usebenzisa i-alloy ye-aluminium ye-M174+ ka-Mahle, efana neepistons ezibunjiweyo ze-911 GT2 RS. Ngaloo ndlela, iimpawu zeepiston eziprintiweyo zifaniswa nezo zepiston ezibunjiweyo.
I-laser inyibilikisa i-metallic powder kwaye, umaleko ngomqolo, iipistons zithatha imilo.
Ngena uTrumpf, owaphuhlisa inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokushicilela. I-Trumpf ye-TruPrint ye-3000 ye-3D ye-Printer echanekileyo ephezulu idibanisa i-powder, i-layer after layer, ngokusebenzisa inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-LMF, okanye i-laser metal fusion. Kule nkqubo i-powder iyancibilika nge-laser beam kunye nobukhulu be-0.02 mm ukuya kwi-0.1 mm, i-layer by layer.
Kule meko kufuneka malunga ne-1200 iileya eziya kuthatha malunga neeyure ezili-12 ukuprinta.
Umatshini wokushicilela weTrumpf uvumela ukushicilela iipiston ezintlanu ngaxeshanye kwaye emva kohlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweepiston eziprintiweyo, ngokubambisana neZeiss, kwaqinisekiswa ukuba azihlukanga kwiipiston ezibunjiweyo.
Umshicileli weTrumpf unokuprinta iipiston ezintlanu ngaxeshanye.
uvavanyo, uvavanyo kunye novavanyo
Emva kokuba zifakwe kwi-flat-ezintandathu ze-911 GT2 RS, lixesha lokuzivavanya. Njengoko injini ibekwe kwisitulo sovavanyo, yavavanywa kuvavanyo lokunyamezela iiyure ezingama-200.
Phakathi kweemvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ezenziwayo, omnye wabo walinganisa umdyarho weeyure ezingama-24 kwisekethe enesantya esiphezulu: “yahamba” malunga neekhilomitha ezingama-6000 zomgama ngesantya esiphakathi sama-250 km/h, ide ifanise iindawo zokumisa ukugalela amafutha. Olunye uvavanyo lubandakanya iiyure ze-135 kumthwalo opheleleyo kunye neeyure ze-25 kumazinga ahlukeneyo.
Waba yintoni umphumo wolu vavanyo lunzima? Uvavanyo luphumelele, zonke iipistons eziprintiweyo ziphumelele uvavanyo ngaphandle kokubhalisa naluphi na uhlobo lweengxaki.
Ngaba siza kuzibona ezi pistons ziprintiweyo zifika emarikeni?
Ewe, siza kubona, kodwa akukho thayimthebhile ingqalileyo. Itekhnoloji yoshicilelo ye-3D ikhona kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka kwaye sele isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini leemoto, kodwa inyaniso kukuba sele ikrwele umphezulu wamandla ayo.
Ngaba siza kubona iipiston eziprintiweyo kwimodeli yePorsche yexesha elizayo? Inokwenzeka kakhulu.
Ngoku iteknoloji eqhelekileyo kwiprototyping. Ikuvumela ukuba wenze amacandelo athile kwaye uphonononge ukwahluka okwahlukeneyo kuyilo lwecandelo ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokuphuhlisa oomatshini bokubenza, ukuvula ilizwe lonke lamathuba.
IPorsche sele isebenzisa le teknoloji nakweminye imimandla ngokunjalo, njengokhuphiswano kunye neeklasiki zayo. I-Porsche Classic sele ivelisa iinxalenye ezingama-20 (kwiplastiki, intsimbi kunye nezinye i-alloys zetsimbi) kwiimodeli zakudala ngokuprintwa kwe-3D, ezingazange ziveliswe kwaye kungenjalo akunakwenzeka ukuvelisa kwakhona.
Siza kubona kwakhona le teknoloji isetyenziswa kwiimodeli ezikhethekileyo okanye eziphantsi, okanye ngokwemiqathango yokhetho okanye ngokwezifiso - umzekelo, kulo nyaka, isihlalo se-baquet-style usebenzisa i-3D yoshicilelo iye yafumaneka njengendlela yokukhetha i-718 kunye ne-911 -, ekubeni olu hlobo lokuvelisa lujika lube luqoqosho kwaye lunomdla ngakumbi.
Iprototype yebhentshi yegubu usebenzisa ushicilelo lwe-3D
I-Porsche iphinda isebenze ukuphumeza le teknoloji kwiimodeli eziphezulu zemveliso, into eya kwenzeka kwixesha elide. Ixesha elingakanani? Yiloo nto esiyibuze uFrank Ickinger, kwaye impendulo yakhe, ngaphandle kokunika isiqinisekiso esipheleleyo, "ubuncinci iminyaka eyi-10 (2030)" - kufuneka silinde, kodwa amandla oshicilelo lwe-3D kunye nokuphazamiseka kwawo akunakuphikiswa.