Ukusetyenziswa kwe-methanol eluhlaza, i-carbon-neutral fuel efunyenwe kwimithombo evuselelekayo (i-biomass kunye namandla elanga, umzekelo), iya kuvumela ii-mega-containers ezisibhozo ezintsha ze-Maersk (AP Moller-Maersk) ukuba zikhuphe malunga nesigidi seetoni ngaphantsi kwe-CO2 nganye. unyaka. Ngo-2020, iMaersk yakhupha iitoni ezizigidi ezingama-33 zeCO2.
Iinqanawa ezitsha, ezakhiwa eMzantsi Korea, yi-Hyundai Heavy Industries - i-Hyundai ayenzi nje iimoto -, ukuba yonke into ihamba njengoko icwangcisiwe, iya kuhanjiswa ekuqaleni kwe-2024 kwaye iya kuba nomthamo wegama malunga nee-container eziyi-16 zamawaka ( TEU) nganye.
Iinqanawa ezisibhozo ezitsha zekhonteyina ziyinxalenye yesicwangciso sohlaziyo lwenqanawa yeMaersk kunye nesicwangciso sayo sokufikelela ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2050 koyena mkhumbi mkhulu wehlabathi waselwandle, kunye nesivumelwano esisayinwe neHyundai Heavy Industries ukuba isenokukhetha ukuba iinqanawa ezine ezongezelelweyo zakhiwe ngo-2025. .
Ukongeza kwinjongo yayo yangaphakathi yokungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni ngo-2050, iMaersk ikwaphendula iimfuno zabathengi bayo. Ngaphezu kwesiqingatha sabathengi abaphezulu be-Maersk abangama-200, apho sifumana amagama anje ngeAmazon, Disney okanye iMicrosoft, nabo babeka iithagethi zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwiikhonkco zabo zokubonelela.
Owona mngeni mkhulu ayizizo iinjini.
Iinjini zedizili eziya kuxhobisa ezi nqanawa ziya kukwazi ukuqhuba kungekuphela nje kwimethanol eluhlaza, kodwa nakwioyile enzima, ifutha yemveli kwezi nqanawa, nangona ngoku iphantsi komxholo wesulfure (ukulawula ukukhutshwa kwesulfure eyingozi kakhulu. iioksidi okanye i-SOx).Ukuba nethuba lokusebenza ngamafutha amabini ahlukeneyo kwakuyimfuneko yokugcina iinqanawa zisebenza, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ummandla weplanethi apho zisebenza khona okanye ukufumaneka kwe-methanol eluhlaza, esele inqabile kwimarike - ukufumaneka kwamafutha avuselelekayo kunye neyokwenziwa. nayo ichaphazela imoto yoshishino.
Lo ngowona mceli mngeni mkhulu, utshilo uMaersk: ukufumana, ukusukela kusuku lokuqala, ukubonelela ngezixa eziyimfuneko zemethanol eluhlaza ukubonelela ngeenqanawa zeenqanawa, njengoko "kuphela" ziinqanawa ezisibhozo (ezikhulu kakhulu), ziya kunyanzela kakhulu ukwandisa inqanawa. imveliso yale carbon amafutha angathathi hlangothi. Ngenxa yale njongo, i-Maersk iye yaseka kwaye yazama ukuseka intsebenziswano kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nabadlali abakule ndawo.
Ukukwazi kwezi njini ukuba zisebenze kumafutha amabini ahlukeneyo kuya kwenza ixabiso lenqanawa nganye li-10% ukuya kwi-15% ephezulu kunesiqhelo, imi malunga ne-148 yezigidi ze-euro nganye.
Kusekho i-methanol eluhlaza, ingaba yimvelaphi yokwenziwa (i-e-methanol) okanye inokuveliswa ngokuzinzileyo (i-bio-methanol), ngokuthe ngqo kwi-biomass okanye ngokusebenzisa i-hydrogen ehlaziyiweyo, idibaniswe ne-carbon dioxide kwi-biomass okanye i-carbon dioxide.
Iindaba ezilungileyo kushishino lweemoto?
Akukho mathandabuzo. Ukungena "koolwandle abakhulu" kumafutha enziweyo okanye ahlaziyekayo kuya kubaluleka ekunikeni isikali ukuba le ndlela ifunwa kakhulu kumafutha efosili ayinayo, enokuba nefuthe elihle ekunciphiseni ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse.
Iinjini zokutsha zangaphakathi zinokuthi "zigwetyelwe" kwixesha elide, kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba azikwazi nokuba negalelo elihle ekunciphiseni izinto ezikhutshwayo.
Umthombo: Reuters.