Ukuthuthwa kwabantwana ngemoto kulawulwa kwinqaku le-55 leKhowudi yeNdlela ePhakamileyo. Nabani na owaphula imithetho uhlawuliswa isohlwayo esivela kwi-120 ukuya kwi-600 ye-euro kumntwana ngamnye ohanjiswe ngendlela engafanelekanga.
abantwana kunye ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 endala kunye ngaphantsi kwe-135 cm ubude ezithuthwe kwiimoto ezifakwe amabhanti ezihlalo, kufuneka zikhuselwe yinkqubo yokuthintela abantwana (i-SRC) evunyiweyo kwaye ilungelelaniswe nobukhulu kunye nobunzima bazo.
Ukwenza uhambo lwakho lukhuseleke, sihlanganise ezinye ze imithetho ebalulekileyo zokuthutha abantwana.
Abantwana kufuneka bahambe ngasemva nini?
- Ukuthuthwa kwabantwana kufuneka kuhlale kuqhutyelwa kwizihlalo ezingasemva:
- ukuba ngaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 ubudala ayikho i-135 cm ubude;
- kunye nenkqubo yokugcina evunyiweyo ngenxa yobunzima kunye nobukhulu bayo.
Abantwana banokuhamba nini ngaphambili?
- Ukuthuthwa kwabantwana kunokwenziwa kwisihlalo esingaphambili xa umntwana:
- Uneminyaka eyi-12 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu (nokuba awukho ubude be-135 cm);
- Yiba ngaphezulu kwe-135 cm ubude (nokuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12);
- Uneminyaka emi-3 ubudala nangaphezulu kwaye imoto ayinamabhanti esihlalo esingasemva, okanye ayinaso esi situlo;
- Ungaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala kwaye uthutho lwenziwa kusetyenziswa inkqubo yokugcina ("iqanda") elijongene ngasemva (kwicala elichasene nohambo), nge I-airbag ikhutshiwe kwisitulo sabahambi.
abantwana abakhubazekileyo
Xa abantwana abakhubazekileyo beneemeko ezinzima ze-neuromotor, metabolic, degenerative, congenital okanye enye imvelaphi, banokuthuthwa ngaphandle kweCRS. ivunyiwe kwaye ilungelelaniswe kubunzima bayo, ukusukela izihlalo, izihlalo okanye ezinye iinkqubo zokuthintela ziqwalasela iimfuno zakho ezithile kwaye zimiselwe ngugqirha oyingcali.Bhalisa kwincwadana yethu
Kwiimoto ezilungiselelwe izithuthi zikawonke-wonke
Kwezi meko, abantwana banokuthuthwa ngaphandle kokujonga izibonelelo zamanani angaphambili , okoko bengekho kwizihlalo eziphambili.
I-PSP icebisa ukuba ukuthuthwa kwabantwana kwenziwa kwizihlalo ezingasemva, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubude kunye nobunzima.
Ndinabantwana aba-3 okanye ngaphezulu ekumele ndibathuthe, kodwa andinandawo yaneleyo yokubeka izithintelo zabantwana ngokwaneleyo. Kwaye ngoku?
Akunakwenzeka ukusebenzisa iinkqubo ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu zokuthintela abantwana (CRS) kwizihlalo ezingasemva kwiimoto zabahambi.
Ukuba ufuna ukuthutha abantwana aba-3 abangaphantsi kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala nangaphantsi kwe-135 cm, kwaye eneneni kukho into engenakwenzeka yokubeka i-3 SRC kwisitulo esingasemva, unako:
- omnye wabantwana - omnye ukuphakama okukhulu kwaye okoko unako ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3 - ukuthuthwa usebenzisa i-SRC , kwisitulo esingaphambili sabakhweli.
osweleyo ukuthutha abantwana aba-4 iminyaka engaphantsi kwe-12 kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-135 cm, kwaye kukho into engenakwenzeka yokubeka i-4 SRC kwisihlalo esingasemva, unako:
- Kuba ukuba abantwana basebenzise isisombululo esichazwe kumhlathi ongaphambili;
- Kuba umntwana 4th - ukuba ukuphakama okukhulu kwaye okoko unako ngaphezulu kweminyaka emi-3 – ukuthuthwa ngaphandle kwe-SRC usebenzisa ibhanti lesihlalo . Ukuba ibhanti ineengongoma ezi-3 zokulungisa kwaye i-diagonal strap iphezu kwentamo yomntwana, kulungele ukubeka le ntambo emva komqolo kwaye ungalokothi ube phantsi kwengalo, usebenzisa kuphela i-lap strap ngale ndlela, nangona unciphisa ukukhuselwa kwinqanaba, ngokumalunga. kwimeko apho intambo yeengongoma ezintathu inokusetyenziswa.
Ukuhlelwa kweenkqubo zokunqanda
Iimodeli ezihambelana nemigaqo yaseYurophu zineleyibhile ebonisa ukuba ziphumelele ngempumelelo iimvavanyo zovavanyo. Khangela ileyibhile yemvume I-ECE R44 ngombala o-orenji eqinisekisa ukuba isitulo semoto sihlangabezana neemfuno eziphambili zokhuseleko.Nika ingqalelo kumanani amabini okugqibela avela emva kwaloo khowudi: kufuneka iphele ngo04 (uguqulelo lwamva nje) okanye 03 . Izitulo ezibhalwe R44-01 okanye 02 azinakuthengiswa okanye zisetyenziswe ukusukela ngo-2008.
Izihlalo ezikhoyo zohlulwe ngokwamaqela ngokoMgaqo wokuSetyenziswa kweZibonelelo zoKhuseleko, ukuze zilungele ubungakanani kunye nobunzima babantwana:
- Iqela 0 - labantwana abanobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-10 kg - "iqanda" kufuneka lisetyenziswe lijonge ngasemva. Ukuba isetyenziswe ngaphambili, kufuneka ivalwe i-airbag yomkhweli;
- Iqela 0+ – labantwana abanobunzima obungaphantsi kwe-13 kg – “iqanda” kufuneka lisetyenziswe lijonge ngasemva. Ukuba isetyenziswe ngaphambili, kufuneka ivalwe i-airbag yomkhweli;
- Iqela loku-1 - labantwana abanobunzima obuphakathi kwe-9 kg kunye ne-18 kg - kufuneka, ukuba kunokwenzeka, lisetyenziswe lijonge ngasemva de umntwana afikelele kwiminyaka emi-4 ubudala;
- Iqela lesi-2 - labantwana abanobunzima obuphakathi kwe-15 kg kunye ne-25 kg - kufuneka, ukuba kunokwenzeka, lisetyenziswe lijonge ngasemva de umntwana afikelele kwiminyaka emi-4 ubudala;
- Iqela lesi-3 - kubantwana abalinganisa phakathi kwe-22 kg kunye ne-36 kg - kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-7 ubudala kunye ne-150 cm engaphantsi. Kufuneka isetyenziswe kunye ne-booster stool.
Injongo yesitulo se-booster kukuqinisekisa ukuba i-diagonal strap yebhanti lesihlalo ikwindawo ezichanekileyo, oko kukuthi, egxeni lomntwana nasesifubeni kungekhona entanyeni yomntwana. Kukhethwa, nangona unciphisa umgangatho wokukhusela, ukubeka le ntambo emva komva kwaye ungalokothi ube phantsi kwengalo, usebenzisa kuphela i-lap strap.
Ukuthuthwa kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 ubudala kunye nabangaphantsi kwe-135 cm ubude kodwa banobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-36 kg
Akuvumelekanga ukuthutha abantwana:
Ngaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 kwiimoto ezingafakwanga iibhanti zokuhlala.
UMmiselo wokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zoKhuseleko ubonelela ukuba abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka eyi-12 ubudala kunye nabangaphantsi kwe-135 cm ubude kwaye bangaphezulu kwe-36 kg ubunzima kufuneka banxibe ibhanti lokhuseleko kunye nesixhobo sokuphakamisa esivumela ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti kwiimeko zokhuseleko, nokuba ukuba ayiloqela 3 iklasi edibeneyo ye-SRC.
Kwiimeko apho kungenakwenzeka ukuhlala kule nkqubo ikhankanywe ngasentla ngenxa yokuba incinci okanye incinci, abantwana abanobunzima obungaphezu kwe-36 kg kufuneka basebenzise ibhanti yokuhlala kuphela.
Ukuba inamaphuzu okulungisa ama-3 kwaye i-diagonal strap iphezu kwentamo yomntwana, kukhethwa, nangona unciphisa izinga lokukhusela, ukubeka le ntambo emva komva kwaye ungalokothi ube phantsi kwengalo, usebenzisa kuphela i-lap strap.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-booster-seat uhlobo lwe-SRC kwizihlalo ezixhotyiswe ngamabhanti amanqaku amabini
Ii-SRC ze-Booster-style zivame ukuvavanywa kwaye zivunywe ukuba zisetyenziswe kunye neebhanti zokhuseleko ezi-3.Ibhanti lesihlalo elinamanqaku amathathu
UNils Bohlin, injineli yaseSweden kwaVolvo, wafumana ipatent ngoJulayi 1962 ngoyilo lwebhanti lakhe lesitulo. Isisombululo sasiyongeza kwibhanti ethe tye, esele isetyenzisiwe, i-diagonal belt, eyenza "V", zombini igxininiswe kwindawo ephantsi, ibekwe ecaleni kwisihlalo.
Nangona kunjalo, zinokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezixhotyiswe ngebhanti yokhuseleko lwe-2-point, ukwenzela ukubeka i-lap strap emathangeni abantwana abafutshane, nanini na xa kunokwenzeka, i-seatback kufuneka ibekwe ngokuhambelana nomphambili wabo unikeze ukhuseleko kwintelekelelo yomntwana. xa kukho ungquzulwano olungaphambili.
Nangona kunjalo, olu khetho lunconywa kuphela kwiimeko apho kungekho nto inokwenzeka yokuyisebenzisa kwiindawo ezixhotyiswe ngamabhanti amathathu.
ISOFIX - Yintoni kwaye inokusetyenziswa njani?
Igama elithi ISOFIX linokuguqulelwa njenge-International Standardization of Fixation Organisation.
Yinkqubo esetyenziswa kwihlabathi jikelele enjongo yayo ikukulungelelanisa nokwenza lula ukufakwa kwezixhobo zokuthintela abantwana.
Le nkqubo ayifuni ukusetyenziswa kwebhanti yokuhlala. Endaweni yoko, inkqubo yokuthintela iqhotyoshelwe kwinkqubo ye-isofix esebenza njengenkqubo yokhuseleko lwemoto.
Umgangatho we-i-Size
Isebenza ukususela ngoJulayi ka-2013, umgangatho we-i-Size udibanisa ummiselo we-R129 kwaye usebenza kwizihlalo ezitsha zeentsana nabantwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emi-4 ubudala.
Eyilwe ukuba ingene kwiindawo zokunamathisela kwiinkqubo ze-ISOFIX, izitulo ezihambelana nomgangatho we-i-Size zibonelela ngokukhusela intloko kunye nentamo enkulu.
Ayikukhululi ukubonisana kwemimiselo yesizwe neyezizwe ngezizwe esebenzayo.
Umthombo: PGDL, ANSR, PSP, GNR
Inqaku lipapashwe nge-3 Agasti 2017.
Inqaku lihlaziywe ngoMeyi 23, 2018.
Inqaku lihlaziywe ngoMeyi 22, 2020.