Zezona mpawu zeprimiyamu ezivezwe kakhulu ekuxhomekeke kwiinjini zedizili. Idatha epapashwe yi-JATO Dynamics ichaza imeko yokuxhomekeka kakhulu.
Kwiprimiyamu yesithathu yaseJamani, iinjini zedizili zithatha malunga ne-70% yeentengiso zizonke kwi-Audi neMercedes-Benz, kwaye phantse i-75% kwa-BMW. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ukwehla xa kuthelekiswa nonyaka ophelileyo.
Iimpawu zeprimiyamu zaseJamani azizodwa. KwaVolvo, iDizili imele i-80% yesabelo, kwaJaguar malunga ne-90% kwaye kwaLand Rover bamele malunga ne-95% yentengiso.
Ukuqwalasela ukuhlaselwa kweenjini ze-Diesel, ukuxhomekeka kwezorhwebo kolu hlobo lwe-injini kuba yingxaki efuna ukusonjululwa ngokukhawuleza.
Ukungqingwa kweDizili
I-Dieselgate ichongwe njengoyena nobangela wolu “hlaselo lusondeleyo” kwi-Diesel. Kodwa asiyonyaniso. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwamanyathelo kunye neziphakamiso ezibhengezwe sele zicwangcisiwe ngaphambi kokuba iziganeko ezenzeka kwi-2015.UBUSAZI UKUBA:
a href="https://www.razaoautomovel.com/2017/03/15-navios-puluem-mais-que-os-automoveis" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ngaba iinqanawa ze-15 ezinkulu kwihlabathi zikhupha i-NOx ngaphezu kwazo zonke iimoto eziseplanethi zidibene? yazi ngakumbi apha
Phakathi kwezi ziphakamiso sifumana ukuguquka okuqhubekayo kwemigangatho yokukhutshwa kwezinto ezingcolileyo - i-Euro 6c kunye ne-Euro 6d - esele icwangciswe ukuba iqalise ukusebenza kwi-2017 kunye ne-2020, ngokulandelanayo. Imijikelo emitsha yokuqhuba - i-WLTP kunye ne-RDE - bekulindeleke ukuba iqalise ukusebenza kulo nyaka.
Iyenzeka kodwa ayinakwenzeka
Nangona iteknoloji inokwenzeka ukuthobela le mimiselo, iindleko zokuthotyelwa kwayo yinto eyenza i-Diesel ibe yisisombululo esingenakwenzeka emehlweni abavelisi, ngenxa yezinto ezibiza kakhulu (ii-injection zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, izihlungi ze-particle, njl.).
Ngokukodwa kumacandelo aphantsi, apho ukuhluka kwexabiso kunobunzima obongezelelweyo kwisigqibo sokuthenga kwaye apho imida yenzuzo iphantsi.
Kutshanje, i-European Union ithe thaca umthetho oyilwayo ojolise kwinkqubo yokuvunywa kwezithuthi ezitsha. Injongo kukwenza inkqubo ibe ngqongqo ngakumbi, ijongene nokungquzulana komdla phakathi kweziphathamandla zolawulo lwesizwe kunye nabavelisi beemoto.
Kananjalo amakomkhulu kunye nezixeko ezininzi zaseYurophu zijonge ukuthintela ngokuthe ngcembe iimoto zedizili. Owona mzekelo wamva nje uvela eLondon, okwangoku exoxa ngesiphakamiso esiya kunyanzela abaqhubi bezithuthi ezindala zeDizili ukuba bahlawule i-euro eyongezelelweyo ye-13.50 kwintlawulo esele iphunyeziwe (intlawulo yokuxinana).
Uhlaselo lubonakala kwiintengiso.
Nabezopolitiko baseYurophu ngoku babumbene ukwenza iidemoni iiDizili, kulindeleke ukuba isiphelo esiqhubekayo sikhawuleze. Kwi-2016, i-50% yezithuthi ezithengiswa eYurophu yayiyi-Diesel. Kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala zalo nyaka, isabelo sehla ukuya kwi-47%. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ekupheleni kweshumi leminyaka iya kuhla ukuya kuma-30%.EZIQHELEKILEYO: Umphandi ongumPhuthukezi usenokuba ufumene ibhetri yekamva
Iimpawu zeGeneralist nazo kufuneka zijongane nolu tshintsho olukhawulezayo kwimarike. IPeugeot, iVolkswagen, iRenault kunye neNissan nazo zinezabelo ezingaphezulu komndilili wemarike kwiintengiso zeDizili.
Kuphela iJaguar, iLand Rover kwaye, ngokubanzi, iFiat, yabona isabelo seDiesel sikhula ngo-2017. Phakathi kweempawu ezivezwa kancinci sifumana iToyota. Ugxininiso oluqhubekayo kwi-teknoloji ye-hybride ithetha ukuba kuphela i-10% yezithuthi ezithengiswa nge-brand kwimarike yaseYurophu yi-Diesel (idatha esuka kwi-2016).
Ziya kuphendula njani iimpawu zeprimiyamu?
Xa kujongwe izabelo eziphezulu ze-Diesel abazibonisayo, kungxamisekile ukufumana izisombululo. Kwaye, ewe, ukufakelwa kombane ngokungaphelelanga okanye ngokupheleleyo, okwangoku, yeyona ndlela inokwenzeka.
Ingxaki yeendleko ezinxulumene nezi teknoloji isenkulu, kodwa i-evolution yabo kunye nedemokhrasi yabo ekhulayo ibavumela ukuba behle. Ukuqala kweli shumi leminyaka lizayo kufuneka lenze iindleko zobuchwephesha zithelekiseke neenjini zedizili kunye neenkqubo zazo zokunyanga igesi ephumayo.
Nanamhlanje, abakhi beprimiyamu sele benenani leemodeli ze-plug-in hybrid (PHEV) kuluhlu lwabo. Umkhwa uya kuba kukwandisa unikezelo.
Nokwazi ukuba ngokungena kwimijikelo emitsha yokuqhuba ye-WLTP kunye ne-RDE, olu hlobo lwe-injini luya kuba luchaphazeleka kakhulu. Okwangoku, kulula ukufumana ukusetyenziswa okusemthethweni okungaphantsi kwe-3 ilitha nge-100 km, kunye nokukhutshwa okungaphantsi kwe-50 g CO2 / km. Imeko engekho ngqiqweni.
AKUMELE UPHOSELWE: I-hybrid esuka kwi-240 € / ngenyanga. Iinkcukacha zesindululo sikaToyota malunga neAuris.
Kumacandelo aphantsi, apho ezinye iimpawu ze-premium zikhona, iziphakamiso ze-semi-hybrid, ezisekelwe kwiinkqubo zombane eziphantsi kwe-48-volt, kufuneka zithathe indawo ye-Diesel ekhokelayo ngoku iitshathi zokuthengisa. Into ebesele siyikhankanye ngezinye izihlandlo.ukungena kombane
Kwakhona i-100% yombane iya kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuzaliseka kwemigangatho yendalo engqongileyo. Kodwa kwezorhwebo, amathandabuzo asekho malunga nokusebenza kwayo.
Akunjalo kuphela iindleko zisephezulu, zonke izibikezelo malunga nokwamkelwa kwayo aziphumelelanga ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ayisithinteli ekuboneni uhlaselo lweziphakamiso kule minyaka imbalwa izayo. Siye sabona ukunyuka okuqhubekayo kumthamo webhetri, okuvumela ukuzimela kokwenyani ngaphezu kwe-300 km, kwaye iindleko zobuchwepheshe ziyaqhubeka nokuhla.
Abakhi banethemba lokuba iindleko eziphantsi kunye nokuzimela okuphezulu zizathu ezaneleyo zokwenza ezi ntlobo zeziphakamiso zikhangele ngakumbi.
UTesla wadlala indima ephambili kulo mbono. Kwaye iminyaka embalwa ezayo iya kuba luvavanyo lwe-litmus kwiimpawu zeprimiyamu ezisekiweyo.
I-2018 iya kubona ukufika kwee-SUV ezintathu zombane ezicocekileyo okanye ii-crossovers ezivela kwi-Audi, i-Mercedes-Benz kunye ne-Jaguar. Kwicala leVolvo, sele kukho ukuzibophelela kulo mba, ukusukela kulo nyaka uphelileyo uHakan Samuelsson, i-CEO yakwaVolvo, ekhomba iibhetri (ngokoqobo…) zokufakelwa kombane ngokungaphelelanga kohlobo lwaseSweden.
Ngo-2021 - unyaka apho i-95 g CO2 / km "eyoyikekayo" ukuba phantse bonke abakhi kufuneka bayithobele iqala ukusebenza - siya kubona ezinye iimpawu zeprimiyamu, nangaphaya, ukungenisa izindululo zombane kuphela.
Iqela leVolkswagen, kwindawo ephambili yeDieselgate, ngo-2025, liza kube liphehlelele iimodeli ezingama-30 zero-zero-emission, zisasazwe kuzo zonke iintlobo zayo ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuba ii-akhawunti zeqela ziqinisekisiwe, ngelo xesha liya kuthengisa izithuthi zombane ezisisigidi ngonyaka. Inani elikhulu, kodwa elimele kuphela i-10% yeentengiso zizonke zeqela.
Ngamanye amazwi, kwixesha elizayo, i-Diesel iya kuqhubeka nokuba yinxalenye yomxube wezisombululo, kodwa indima ephambili iya kuba yinxenye kunye / okanye umbane opheleleyo we-powertrain. Umbuzo osamele uphendulwe ngulo: ingaba olu tshintsho luza kuba naliphi ifuthe kumaxabiso eemoto kunye nokusebenza kwemali kweempawu?