Ngomnyaka we-1957, i-Fiat yaqala ukunyuka emva kwexesha lemfazwe kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-Nuova 500, i-mini mini yasezidolophini, efanelekile kwiimali ezibuthathaka zamaTaliyane (kwimeko yokuqala), kodwa kunye nabaseYurophu. Kwiminyaka engama-63 kamva, yazivuselela kwaye i-500 entsha yaba ngumbane kuphela, ibe yimodeli yokuqala yeQela ukuba ibe njalo.
I-500 yenye yeemodeli ze-Fiat ezinemida yenzuzo engcono kakhulu, ithengiswa malunga ne-20% ngaphezu kokhuphiswano, ngenxa yoyilo lwayo lwe-retro oluvuselela i-dolce vita elidlulileyo le-Nuova 500 yoqobo.
Eqaliswe kwi-2007, isizukulwana sesibini siqhubeka sisona siganeko esibi kakhulu sokuthandwa, kunye neentengiso zonyaka zihlala ziphakathi kweeyunithi ze-150,000 kunye ne-200,000, zingenandaba nomgaqo wobomi ofundisa ukuba imoto endala, incinci itsala abathengi. Ukuqinisekisa isimo sayo se-iconic - kunye neempawu zifumana kuphela umtsalane ngobudala - kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo ifikelele kwi-190 000 yokubhaliswa.
ukubheja kwicala elifanelekileyo
Ukubheja kwimoto entsha yombane ye-500 kubonakala ngathi, ngoko ke, inyathelo elibalulekileyo kwindlela efanelekileyo. I-Fiat ithathe ixesha lokuzisa imoto yayo yombane ye-100% leyo-ukuba asibandakanyi i-500e yokuqala ukusuka kwi-2013, injongo yomzekelo-eyakhelwe ukuthobela imimiselo yaseCalifornia (USA) - yayiyeyokuqala kwi-Fiat Chrysler Group, ebonisa ukulibaziseka. yeConsortium yaseMntla Melika kule ndawo.
Ngubani enkosi nguMnu. "UTesla" osele ebona iipokethi zakhe ngakumbi kwiindleko zokukhutshwa kweekhredithi ezilungiselela ukuthengisa kwi-FCA, kude nokukwazi ukuhlangabezana neenjongo zokukhutshwa kwe-CO2 kwi-2020/2021.
Bhalisa kwincwadana yethu
Kwaye oku kungxamiseka nje ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngokukhawuleza kuthethelela ukuba, kwisakhelo sokudityaniswa okusondeleyo phakathi kwe-FCA kunye ne-Group PSA, akunakwenzeka ukulinda ukulungiswa kweqonga lombane laseFransi kwiimodeli zase-Italiya emva kokuba i-consortia emibini ilawula ukugqiba umanyano lwabo. , eneneni, okumele kwenzeke kwikota yokuqala yonyaka ozayo.
Iiyunithi ze-80,000 zombane omtsha we-500 okulindeleke kunyaka wokuqala opheleleyo wemveliso (kwifektri ye-Mirafiori ehlaziywe ngokunzulu) iya kuba luncedo oluxabisekileyo lwe-decontamination kwi-FCA ukuqala ukumila.
Umbane, ewe… Kodwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke i-500
Le, ke ngoko, yenye yeemoto ezikwazile ukuthatha umkhondo wexesha elidlulileyo kwaye idibanise nemigca yangoku ngendlela ehendayo jikelele, ngaphandle kwemikhondo yokuguga. Kwaye ngumzekelo onomfanekiso ophezulu kakhulu kunezinye iiFiats, kangangokuba, namhlanje, i-CEO yeRenault Group, i-Italian Luca De Meo, weza, ngemihla yakhe njengomlawuli wentengiso we-Fiat, ukuba acinge ngokudala uhlobo olungaphantsi 500...
Yiyo loo nto, kunye neqonga elitsha kunye nenkqubo yokuqhubela phambili engazange ibonwe ngaphambili (uLaura Farina, injineli eyintloko, uyandiqinisekisa ukuba "ngaphantsi kwe-4% yamacandelo emodeli entsha athwalwa ukusuka kwenye yangaphambili"), umbane omtsha we-500 wamkela iilokhwe, zaphinda zacocwa, ukusuka kwi-500, isigqibo esisisiseko, ngokutsho kukaKlaus Busse, usekela mongameli woyilo kwiFCA yaseYurophu:
"Xa sasisungula ukhuphiswano lwangaphakathi lweFiat yombane ehlangeneyo, sifumene iziphakamiso ezahlukileyo kakhulu kwamanye amaziko ethu esitayela, kodwa kum kwacaca ukuba le iya kuba yindlela eya phambili".
Imoto yakhula (i-5.6 cm ubude kunye ne-6.1 cm ububanzi), kodwa imilinganiselo yahlala, iphawula kuphela ukuba ukwandiswa kwemizila ngaphezu kwe-5 cm kwabangela ukwanda kwee-arches zevili, ukwenza imoto ibe ngakumbi " ndinemisipha”.
U-Busse ude wachaza ukuba “i-500 ka-1957 yayinobuso obunxungupheleyo kwaye ngenxa yokuba yayiyi-wheel drive yangasemva ayifuni i-grille yangaphambili, i-500 ka-2007 yayiluncumo lonke, kodwa i-Fiat yafumana isisombululo sobugcisa ukwenza i-grille encinci, ehlisiwe. Igrille yeradiyetha kwaye ngoku iNovo 500, ubuso bayo bunobuzaza ngakumbi, ikhupha igrill njengoko ayifuni kupholisa xa ingekho injini yokutsha” (igrill encinci ethe tyaba esezantsi isetyenziselwa ukupholisa xa utshaja amandla aphezulu) .
revolution yangaphakathi I
Kwi-500 entsha, ngaphakathi kuphuculwe kakhulu, oko kukuthi ngeyona nkqubo iphambili ye-infotainment esetyenziswa yiFiat ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kwaye kukho izinto ezintsha ze "Dolce Vita" ezifana nesandi sokulumkisa abahamba ngeenyawo ngobukho bakho, imfuneko yomthetho ngesantya ukusuka kwi-5 ukuya kwi-20 km / h. Yiloo nto nje, makhe sijongane nayo, kulunge ngakumbi ukuba ulumkiswe ziingoma ezimnandi zika-Nino Rota kwifilimu i-Amarcord (nguFederico Fellini) kunokuba i-hum ye-cyborg njengoko kwenzeka kwiimoto ezininzi zombane namhlanje.
Kukho iinzuzo kubomi ngenxa yokwanda kobubanzi kunye nobude (i-wheelbase nayo inyuke nge-2 cm) kwaye oku kuphawuleka ngakumbi kububanzi bamagxa ngaphambili kwaye hayi kakhulu kwigumbi lemilenze ngasemva elihlala liqinile kakhulu.
Ndazama ukuhlala emva kwevili lemoto ka-2007 kwaye le isuka ngo-2020 kwaye ndiyeka ukulimaza ingqiniba yam yasekhohlo ngokuchasene nepaneli yocango okanye idolo lam lasekunene kwindawo ejikeleze umkhethi wegiya, kule meko kuba akukho kudluliselwa kweklasikhi, kuba kukho. yindawo ekhululekileyo kakhulu emgangathweni kwaye umzantsi wemoto uthe tyaba. Ngenxa yoko, i-console yeziko inendawo enye yokugcina izinto ezincinci, ekhoyo yandisa umthamo wayo nge-4.2 l.
Igumbi leglavu nalo likhulu kakhulu kwaye lihla (endaweni "yokuwa") xa livulwa, elingaqhelekanga kweli candelo, kodwa izixhobo zedeshibhodi (ngokubanzi ngakumbi kuneyangaphambili) kunye neepaneli zeengcango zonke zilukhuni, njengoko unokulindela: emva koko, oku kunjalo kuzo zonke iimoto zombane, nakwiimoto eziphezulu zeklasi kunye nazo zonke iimodeli ze-A. Kumqolo wesibini, ukuzuza kungabonakali.
revolution yangaphakathi II
Ideshibhodi ithe tyaba ngokupheleleyo kwaye inolawulo olubonakalayo olumbalwa (ezo zikhoyo zikhangeleka njengezitshixo zepiyano) kwaye zongezwe ngesikrini esitsha se-infotainment esingu-10.25” (kolu guqulelo), siqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze umsebenzisi ngamnye abe nokujonga ngokulula ngakumbi izinto abazidingayo. ukuze ibe yeyona ifanelekileyo.
Imizobo, isantya sokusebenza, ukubakho kokudibanisa ngaxeshanye kunye neefowuni ezimbini eziphathwayo, ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kweeprofayili zabasebenzisi ukuya kuthi ga kwisihlanu zenza umtsi womyinge xa kuthelekiswa noko kwaFiat enako kwimarike ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwaye kuyinxalenye yezixhobo ezisemgangathweni zezi zinto zityebileyo. iinguqulelo zokuqaliswa ezixhotyisiweyo "La Prima" (iiyunithi ezingama-500 kwilizwe ngalinye le-cabrio, esele ithengisiwe, kwaye ngoku enye i-500 yenguqulo yophahla oluqinileyo, kunye namaxabiso aqala kwi-34,900 €).
Kukho imiqadi ephezulu ezenzekelayo, ulawulo lokuhamba ngenqanawa, i-AppleCar engenazingcingo kunye ne-Android Auto uqhagamshelo kunye nokutshaja ifowuni ephathwayo engenazingcingo, ikhamera ye-HD yokujonga ngasemva, ukunyanyiswa okungxamisekileyo kunye nokubhaqwa kwabahambi ngeenyawo nabahambi ngebhayisikile, kunye nengaphakathi elinezixhobo ezihlaziyiweyo kunye ne-eco-leather ( iiplastiki ezifunyenwe elwandle), okuthetha ukuba akukho zilwanyana zabingelelwa ngexesha lokubulawa kwayo.
I-7" panel yesixhobo nayo idijithali kwaye ivumela ulungelelwaniso, oluvumela ukuba kufumaneke ulwazi oluninzi phakathi kweemonitha ezimbini, zifikeleleke ngokulula, ngokutsho oko kwakunokwenzeka ukuqonda kula mava okuqala emva kwevili, okwenzeka ngexesha. Isixeko saseTurin, ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambi kokunikezelwa ngokusemthethweni kumaphephandaba, okuya kwenzeka kwakhona kwisixeko saseFiat.
Amava okuqhuba athembisayo
Nokuba unemibuzo embalwa engqondweni - ngathi uFiat uza kuthengisa njani i-500 kwisizukulwana sangaphambili, esikhoyo ngoku njengengxubevange epholileyo (ephakathi kwe-hybrid), ecaleni kwe-100% yombane entsha ye-500, kodwa egcweleyo- Imoto entsha kwaye iphantse yaphinda kabini ixabiso, naxa iinguqulelo "zofikelelo" zifika kuluhlu ngaphambi kokuphela konyaka - okulindelekileyo bekuphezulu ukubona indlela oluqhube ngayo ukhohlokhohlo olutsha oluvela kuphawu lwase-Italiya.
Enye idatha esisiseko ukuze siqonde into esinayo esandleni, icaciswe yinjineli eyintloko, uLaura Farina, nangaphambi kokuqala kohambo lwemizuzu engama-45, hayi ngaphezulu kwe-28 km:
“Ibhetri, eyenziwe ngabakwaSamsung, ibekwe phakathi kwee-asi ezikumgangatho wemoto, yi-lithium ion kwaye inomthamo oyi-42 kWh kunye nobunzima obumalunga ne-290 kg, nto leyo izisa ubunzima bemoto ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1300 kg. ukondla imoto yangaphambili yombane ye-118 hp”.
Njengomphumo wale nto yomgangatho onzima, iziko lemoto ye-gravity liye lathotywa kwaye ukuhanjiswa kobuninzi kunokulinganisela (uNksk. Farina ubeka kwi-52% -48%, xa kuthelekiswa ne-60% -40% kwi-petroli eyandulelayo) , ethembisa ngokuziphatha kwendlela engathathi hlangothi.
Ekugqibeleni, emva kwevili lombane omtsha we-500
Ndivula i-hood ye-canvas eya kwisiciko se-trunk - kunye ne-185 l efana ne-500 endala - ukwenza uhambo lube lumoya ngakumbi kwaye lubukeka, kodwa luthintela ukubonakala kwangasemva, kwaye ndizama ukwenza ii-eardrums zifikelele kumanqaku omculo okuphumla - okanye vice versa -versa - kodwa ngaphandle kwempumelelo, ubuncinci kwiindawo ezivulekileyo (kwaye kunengqiqo: kukulumkisa abahamba ngeenyawo, kungekhona umqhubi, malunga nobukho bemoto ejikelezayo "kwii-slippers").
Ivili lokuqhuba ngokukhawuleza lafumana amanqaku okuba likwazi ukuhlengahlengiswa ngobunzulu (okuphela kwalo eklasini), kunye nobude kunye neendawo ezimbalwa ezingaphezulu zokuba nesithuba “sokulala” ngaphantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-1.5º), ukuseta. ithoni yokuzonwabisa 45 imizuzu yokuqhuba.
Iindlela zasezidolophini zedolophu yasePiedmontese zigcwele imingxuma kunye namaqhuma, okwenza kucace ukuba, nokuba sele ilungiselelwe impendulo elungeleleneyo phakathi kwenduduzo kunye nokuzinza, i-500 entsha yombane inyathela ngokuqinileyo kuneyangaphambili.
Kwezinye iimeko ukunqunyanyiswa kunomsindo omncinci kwaye kugungqisa umzimba (kunye namathambo omntu ngaphakathi), kodwa kwimbuyekezo kukho ukuzuza okucacileyo kuzinzo (ngenceba yaloo mizila eyandisiweyo). Imicelimngeni edalwe kukuhanjiswa kwangoko kwe-220 Nm yetorque, xa sinonyawo olunzima, ilawulwa kakuhle yi-asi yangaphambili, ubuncinci kwimijikelo ejikelezileyo ene-asphalt enokukhuhla okuhle ebesiyichola endleleni.
I-3.1 ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-50 km / h ingenza umbane omtsha 500 ukumkani wezibane zendlela kwaye ushiye i-Ferrari ene-bubbly kunye ne-heartburn, kodwa akucebisi kakhulu ukuba uthabathe olu hlobo lweengoma ezinobundlobongela, eziqinisekisiweyo ukuba zihlawulwe. idini lokuzimela geqe .
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, le rekhodi ijika ibe yinto efanelekileyo ngakumbi kune-sprint ukusuka kwi-0 ukuya kwi-100 km / h kwi-9s, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukuba i-500 iya kuchitha inxalenye enkulu yobukho bayo kwihlathi lasezidolophini. Apho i-diameter ejikayo ye-9 m okanye inkqubo entsha ye-sensor ye-360 ° evumela ukuvelisa umbono we-zenithal, ngokungathi ibanjwe yi-drone, iluncedo kakhulu.
Ukuya kude?
Iinjineli zaseItali ziyathetha 320 km (Umjikelo we-WLTP) ukuzimela kunye nokunye okuninzi esixekweni, kodwa into eqinisekileyo kukuba ndiqhube iikhilomitha ezingama-27 kuphela esixekweni kwaye intlawulo yebhetri yehla nge-10%, kwaye umyinge wokusetyenziswa obonisiweyo kwisixhobo yi-14.7 kWh/100 km, i loo nto ayinakukuvumela ukuba uye ngaphaya kwe-285 km ngebhetri enye epheleleyo.
Ngokunyuka kwale rekhodi sele ifunyenwe kwimodi yeRange, enye yezintathu ezikhoyo kwaye inceda ukuya phambili, kuba inyusa amandla okuvuselela ngokuhla.
Ezinye iimowudi ezimbini ziNgqondi kunye neSherpa. Eyangaphambili ivumela imoto ukuba iqhube ngakumbi - kakhulu, nokuba-kwaye umva uvala izixhobo ezisebenzisa ibhetri njenge-air conditioning kunye nokufudumala kwesihlalo, njengesikhokelo esithembekileyo kwi-Himalayas, ukuqinisekisa ukuba imithwalo yayo exabisekileyo ifikelela kwindawo eya kuyo.
Ndive omnye umntu ophuma kumaphephandaba eSpain ekhalaza ukuba ukuthotywa kweRange kugqithisile, oku ngaphambi kokuba ndiqhube. Andithandi ukungavumelani nokungavumelani, kodwa yayiyeyona ndlela ndandiyithanda kakhulu, kuba ikuvumela ukuba uqhube "nge-pedal enye kuphela" (i-accelerator pedal, ukulibala i-brake) ukuba inkqubo yenziwe kakuhle - ukulawula Ikhosi ye-pedal echanekileyo, akukho nto ingathandekiyo yokuqhobosha, endaweni yoko ufumana imvakalelo yokuba uyakhawuleza kwaye uqhobosha ngaxeshanye. Indlela yokuqhuba enokuthi ibe mbi kwimoto enenjini yokutsha, kodwa eyongeza izibonelelo apha.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwimowudi yeSherpa isantya sinqunyelwe kwi-80 km / h (kwaye amandla akahambi ngaphaya kwe-77 hp), kodwa ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kuyinyathelo nje ukusuka ezantsi kwe-accelerator, ukwenzela ukuba kungabikho imeko eveliswayo. unxunguphalo ngenxa yokufuna amandla ngequbuliso.
Ukutshaja i-100% yebhetri kwi-alternating current (AC) ukuya kwi-11 kW kuyakuthatha i-4h15min (ukuya kwi-3kW iya kuba yi-15h), kodwa ngokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kumbane othe ngqo (DC, apho i-500 entsha ine-Mode 3 cable) ukuya kwi-. ubuninzi be-85 kW, inkqubo efanayo inokuthatha akukho ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-35.
Kwaye, okoko unesikhululo sokutshaja ngokukhawuleza esikufutshane, unokongeza iikhilomitha ezingama-50 zokuzimela ungadlulanga kwimizuzu emihlanu-ixesha lokusezela i-cappuccino- kwaye uqhubeke nohambo oluya ekhaya.
I-Fiat ibandakanya i-wallbox kwixabiso lemoto, evumela ukutshaja ekhaya ngamandla e-3 kW, enokuthi ibe (ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo) ngaphezu kokuphindwe kabini ukuya kwi-7.4 kW, ukuvumela ukuba intlawulo enye igqitywe ingenziwa kwiiyure nje ezintandathu. .
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa
| Fiat 500 "La Prima" | |
|---|---|
| injini yombane | |
| Isikhundla | Phambili |
| Uhlobo | Imagnethi esisigxina Asynchronous |
| amandla | 118 hp |
| Ibhinary | 220 Nm |
| Amagubu | |
| Uhlobo | lithium ion |
| Umthamo | 42 kWh |
| Isiqinisekiso | Iminyaka eyi-8/160 000 km (70% yomthwalo) |
| Umsinga | |
| Ukutsala | Phambili |
| Ibhokisi yegiya | enye isantya gearbox |
| Itshisi | |
| Ukumiswa | FR: Ozimeleyo - MacPherson; TR: Semi-rigid, Torque Bar |
| iziqhoboshi | FR: Iidiski zomoya; TR: Amagubu |
| Isalathiso | uncedo lombane |
| Inani lokujika kwevili lokuqhuba | 3.0 |
| ukujika kwedayimitha | 9.6 m |
| Imilinganiselo kunye neZakhono | |
| Comp. x Ububanzi x Alt. | 3632mm x 1683mm x 1527mm |
| Ubude phakathi kwe-axis | 2322 mm |
| umthamo wesutikheyisi | 185 l |
| Amavili | 205/40 R17 |
| Ubunzima | 1330 kg |
| Ukusasazwa kobunzima | 52%-48% (FR-TR) |
| Izibonelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa | |
| Esona santya siphezulu | I-150 km/h (ilinganiselwe ngombane) |
| 0-50 km/h | 3.1s |
| 0-100 km/h | 9.0s |
| Ukusetyenziswa okudibeneyo | 13.8 kWh/100 km |
| Ukukhutshwa kweCO2 | 0 g/km |
| Ukuzimela okudibeneyo | 320 km |
| Iyalayisha | |
| 0-100% | AC - 3 kW, 3:30 pm; AC - 11 kW, 4h15min; I-DC - 85 kW, i-35min |