Ngesibhengezo samva nje sokuzalwa kwakhona kweenjini ze-Wankel ezandleni ze-Mazda, sijonga emva kwimbali yale teknoloji kwi-brand ye-Hiroshima.
Igama loyilo "Wankel" livela kwigama lenjineli yaseJamani eyayidalayo, uFelix Wankel.UWankel waqalisa ukucinga nge-injini ejikelezayo enenjongo enye engqondweni: ukwenza utshintsho kwishishini kunye nokudala injini eyogqitha iinjini eziqhelekileyo. Xa kuthelekiswa neenjini eziqhelekileyo, ukusebenza kweenjini ze-Wankel kubandakanya ukusebenzisa "i-rotors" endaweni yeepistons zendabuko, ezivumela ukunyakaza okuhamba kakuhle, ukuvutha komgca kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendawo ezincinci ezihambayo.
EZIPHATHELELEYO: Ukufumana iinkcukacha ngendlela esebenza ngayo injini yakwaWankel cofa apha
Iprototype yokuqala yale njini yaphuhliswa ekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1950, ngexesha apho ishishini leemoto lalikhula kwaye nokhuphiswano lwaluqina. Ngokwemvelo, kwinkampani ezayo enqwenela ukufikelela kwindawo yokuthengisa, kwakuyimfuneko ukuba kuqaliswe izinto ezintsha, kwaye apho kwakukho umbuzo omkhulu: njani?
UTsuneji Matsuda, owayengumongameli weMazda ngoko, wayenayo impendulo. Echukunyiswe bubuchwephesha obuphuhliswe nguFelix Wankel, waseka isivumelwano kunye nomenzi waseJamani i-NSU - uphawu lokuqala lokunika ilayisenisi yolwakhiwo lwe-injini - ukuze athengise injini ejikelezayo ethembisayo. Inyathelo lokuqala ebalini eliya kusisa kule mihla lathatyathwa ngoko.
Inyathelo elilandelayo emva koko ukusuka ithiyori ukuya practice: iminyaka emithandathu, iyonke iinjineli 47 ukusuka uphawu Japanese basebenza kuphuhliso kunye nokukhulelwa injini. Ngaphandle komdla, lo msebenzi ubonakale unzima ngakumbi kunokuba bekulindelwe ekuqaleni, njengoko isebe lophando lijongene nobunzima obuninzi ekuveliseni injini ejikelezayo.
FUNDA KWAKHONA: Indawo yokusebenzela yayiyindawo yokwenziwa ngokutsha kwemizobo yeRenaissance
Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi ophuhliswe yi-Mazda waphela uvelisa iziqhamo kwaye ngo-1967 injini yaqala kwi-Mazda Cosmo Sport, imodeli eyathi emva konyaka yagqiba i-84 yeeyure ze-Nurburgring kwindawo ehloniphekileyo yesi-4. Kwi-Mazda, esi siphumo sasibubungqina bokuba i-injini ye-rotary ibonelela ngokusebenza okugqwesileyo kunye nokuqina okukhulu. Kwakufanelekile utyalo-mali, yayingumbandela wokuqhubeka nokuzama.Nangona impumelelo efunyenwe kukhuphiswano kuphela ngokuqaliswa kwe-Savanna RX-7, ngo-1978, injini ye-rotary yagcinwa ihlaziyiwe kunye nabalingani bayo besiqhelo, iguqula imoto eyatsala ingqalelo kuphela kuyilo lwayo, ibe ngumatshini ofunwa ngumsebenzi wayo. oomatshini.. Ngaphambi koko, ngo-1975, inguqulo "yendalo engqongileyo" ye-injini ye-rotary sele iqalisiwe, kunye ne-Mazda RX-5.
Le nkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe yayisoloko ihambelana nenkqubo yezemidlalo eqinile, eyayisebenza njengetyhubhu yokuvavanya iinjini kunye nokubeka zonke izinto eziqhubekayo. Ngo-1991, i-rotary engine Mazda 787B yade yaphumelela ugqatso lweLe Mans 24 Hours – yayisisihlandlo sokuqala ukuba umenzi waseJapan aphumelele olona gqatso luyintsomi ehlabathini.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi kamva, kwi-2003, i-Mazda yasungula injini ye-Renesis ejikelezayo ehambelana ne-RX-8, ngexesha apho uphawu lwaseJapan lwalusenomnikazi we-Ford. Ngeli xesha, ngaphezu kweenzuzo ezinkulu malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kunye noqoqosho, i-injini ye-Wankel "yantywiliselwa kwixabiso elingumqondiso we-brand". Ngo-2012, kunye nokuphela kwemveliso kwi-Mazda RX-8 kwaye kungekho tshintsho olubonakalayo, i-injini ye-Wankel yaphela iphelelwa ngumphunga, isala ngasemva xa kuthelekiswa neenjini zesiqhelo malunga nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha, i-torque kunye neendleko ze-injini. imveliso.
OKUPHATHELELEYO: Umzi-mveliso apho iMazda ivelise khona iWankel 13B “inkosi yespin”
Noko ke, mabaphoxeke abo bacinga ukuba injini yakwaWankel ifile. Ngaphandle kobunzima bokuhambelana nezinye ii-injini zokutsha, uphawu lwaseJapan lukwazile ukugcina undoqo weenjineli eziphuhlise le njini ekuhambeni kweminyaka. Umsebenzi ovumele ukuqaliswa kwenguqulo entsha ye-injini ye-Wankel, ebizwa ngokuba yi-SkyActiv-R. Le njini intsha iza kuphinda ibuye kwekudala ilindiwe oza kungena ezihlangwini zeMazda RX-8, netyhilwe kumboniso weemoto eTokyo.
Iinjini zeWankel zisempilweni entle kwaye kuyacetyiswa, utshilo uMazda. Ukuzingisa kwe-brand ye-Hiroshima ekuveliseni le njini ye-injini ishukunyiswa ngumnqweno wokuqinisekisa ubungqina besi sisombululo kunye nokubonisa ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza ngokuhlukileyo. Ngokwamazwi ka-Ikuo Maeda, umlawuli woyilo weMazda wehlabathi, “imodeli ye-RX iya kuba yi-RX ngokwenene ukuba ine-Wankel”. Vumela le RX isuke apho...
UBUDALA NGETHUBA | Ixesha leNjini yeWankel eMazda:
1961 -Iprototype yokuqala ye-injini ejikelezayo
1967 – Ukuqala kokuveliswa kweenjini ezijikelezayo kwiMazda Cosmo Sport
1968 – Ukuphehlelelwa kweMazda Familia Rotary Coupe;
1968 – ICosmo Sport ikwindawo yesine kwiiyure ezingama-84 zaseNürburgring;
1969 – Ukuphehlelelwa kweMazda Luce Rotary Coupe ene-13A injini ejikelezayo;
1970 – Ukuqaliswa kweMazda Capella Rotary (RX-2) ene-12A injini ejikelezayo;
1973 – Ukuqaliswa kweMazda Savanna (RX-3);
1975 – Ukuphehlelelwa kwe-Mazda Cosmo AP (RX-5) kunye nenguqulelo ye-ikholoji ye-13B injini ejikelezayo;
1978 – Ukuqaliswa kweMazda Savanna (RX-7);
1985 – Ukuphehlelelwa kwesizukulwana sesibini iMazda RX-7 ene-13B rotary turbo injini;
1991 – iMazda 787B iphumelele iiyure ezingama-24 zeLe Mans;
1991 – Ukusungulwa kwesizukulwana sesithathu iMazda RX-7 ene-13B-REW injini ejikelezayo;
2003 – Ukuphehlelelwa kweMazda RX-8 enenjini ejikelezayo yeRenesis;
2015 -Ukuqaliswa kwengcamango yezemidlalo kunye ne-SkyActiv-R injini.
