Isalathiso. Enye yezona nkqubo zibaluleke kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na imoto (ubuncinci de kufike kwinqanaba le-4 kunye ne-5 yeemoto ezizimeleyo). Kungokuqhuba apho umqhubi ufumana inxalenye enkulu yolwazi malunga nokuziphatha kwemoto, ukubambelela kunye nodidi lomphezulu esiqengqeleka kuwo. Yiyo loo nto, imvakalelo yokulawula yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo (kunye nenye) yeemoto, nokuba yimidlalo okanye iimoto zosapho.
Ukuqala ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1980, iinkqubo zokuqhuba ezincediswa ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba zaqala ukwenza idemokhrasi, ngokuthe ngcembe zithathela indawo isikhokelo esidala esingancediswanga - esaziwa ngokuba "yingalo encediswayo" - kuwo onke amacandelo. Iimoto, eziya zikhuseleka ngakumbi, zinamandla kwaye zinzima, zayifuna.
Ulawulo lwamandla "oludala".
Kwiinkqubo zokuqhuba i-hydraulic, uncedo ekujikeni amavili luqhutyelwa ngepompo eyenza uxinzelelo lomatshini kumanzi, ukunyanzela amavili ukuba ajike kwicala elijoliswe ngumqhubi. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba "imvakalelo" elungileyo idluliselwe kumqhubi, nangona kunjalo, yafumana iingxaki ezimbini ezinzulu:
- Ubunzima - Inkqubo yokulawula amandla inzima. Kwaye njengoko sisazi kakuhle, ubunzima lutshaba lokusebenzisa.
- I-INERTIA - Amandla omatshini ayimfuneko ukuze inkqubo isebenze "yabiwa" kwi-injini, ichaphazela kakubi ukusetyenziswa kunye nokusebenza kwemoto.
Ukujongana nezi ngxaki zimbini, ishishini leemoto liphuhlise inkqubo yokulawula i-electro-hydraulic steering. Inkqubo esebenzise injini yombane ukuqhuba ulwelo kunye nokuncedisa ukuqhuba. Esi sisombululo sasibonakala sifanelekile, kwelinye icala sanciphisa ukuxhomekeka komatshini we-injini, kwaye kwelinye icala, igcine "umvakalelo" wokuqhuba kuzo zonke iimeko.
Nangona kunjalo, yayingekabi sisisombululo sifanelekileyo.
intambo yombane
Kungelo xesha apho, kwishumi leminyaka lokuqala kule nkulungwane, baqalisa ukwenza inkqubo yedemokhrasi yokuqhuba umbane. Ngale nkqubo, esebenzisa ii-injini ezisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwikholamu okanye kwisixhobo sokuqhuba, ingxaki yobunzima iye yanyamalala kwaye i-injini ayisayi kugcwala ngokutyisa eli candelo.
Ingxaki (ewe, kuhlala kukho ingxaki) - iinkqubo zokulawula umbane zakuqala zazingenakunxibelelana. Badlulisa ulwazi oluncinci kumqhubi, oko kukuthi, imeko yokunyathela, ukubamba okukhoyo okanye ukuziphatha kwe-asi yangaphambili. Imvakalelo yezalathiso zombane zokuqala yayiyenziwe kakhulu.
Uloyiso lobuchwephesha
Namhlanje imeko yahluke ngokupheleleyo. Ukuqhuba kombane kuye kwafikelela kwinqanaba lokuziphendukela kwemvelo kangangokuba ukujongana nombane / ukujongana nombane akusekho ngqiqo.
Ukongeza kokukhaphukhaphu kunye noqoqosho ngakumbi, amavili okuqhuba umbane avumela iimoto zala maxesha ukuba zibenezixhobo ezinje ngokupaka okuzenzekelayo, umncedisi wokulungisa indlela okanye ukuqhuba ngokuzimeleyo.
Ukuba umqhubi wombane awukakuqinisekisi, kulungile ukuba ube novakalelo lukaNiki Lauda, owayesakuba ngumqhubi weFomula 1.
UNiki Lauda"UThixo undinike ingqondo ephilileyo, kodwa iesile elihle ngokwenene elikwazi ukuva yonke into emotweni"