KwaNissan bakha imoto yokuqala emhlabeni esebenzisa ama-solid oxide fuel cell.
Ngokuzayo, yibuphi ubuchwepheshe bokushayela izimoto ezizosetshenziswa? Ngomunye wemibuzo (eminingi!) engaphenduleki imboni yezimoto ebibhekene nayo. Ukwazi ukuthi izinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zinezinsuku zazo ezibaliwe, ama-brand atshale amakhulu ezigidi zama-euro ekuthuthukiseni ezinye izixazululo, kusukela ku-100% izimoto zikagesi ezinebhethri kuya kwabanye, futhi i-100% kagesi, kodwa i-fuel cell ye-hydrogen. Nokho, lezi zixazululo ezimbili zinezinkinga ezithile.
Endabeni yezimoto zikagesi, ukuzimela kwamabhethri kanye nezikhathi zokushaja okwenze kube nzima ukusebenzisa lesi sixazululo ngezinga elikhulu. Endabeni yezimoto ze-hydrogen fuel cell (njengeToyota Mirai) inkinga ihlobene: 1) nokusetshenziswa okuphoqelekile kwamathangi omfutho ophezulu ngenxa yokuntengantenga kwe-hydrogen; 2) idinga ukuthuthukiswa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kusukela ekuqaleni futhi; 3) Izindleko zokucubungula i-hydrogen.
Liyini-ke ikhambi lakwaNissan?
Isixazululo sakwaNissan sibizwa ngeSolid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) futhi sisebenzisa i-bio-ethanol njengesibaseli. Inzuzo? Ngokungafani ne-hydrogen, lawa mafutha awadingi amathangi okucindezela okukhulu noma iziteshi zokugcwalisa ezikhethekile. I-SOFC (i-Solide Oxyde Fuel-Cell) iyiseli likaphethiloli elisebenzisa ukusabela kwamafutha amaningi, okuhlanganisa i-ethanol negesi yemvelo, enomoya-mpilo emoyeni ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu.Isebenza kanjani?
I-e-Bio fuel cell ikhiqiza ugesi nge-SOFC (ijeneretha kagesi) isebenzisa i-bio ethanol egcinwe emotweni futhi isebenzisa i-hydrogen ekhishwa kulowo phethiloli nge-reformer kanye nomoya-mpilo wasemkhathini, okuhambisana nokusabela kwe-electrochemical okulandelayo okukhiqiza ugesi ukuze amandla emoto . Ngokungafani nezinhlelo ezijwayelekile, i-e-Bio fuel cell ine-SOFC (Solide Oxyde Fuel-Cell) njengomthombo wamandla, ngaleyo ndlela ivumela ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okuvumela imoto ukuthi ithole ukuzimela okufana nokwezimoto zikaphethiloli (ngaphezu kuka-600km).
Ukwengeza, izici zokushayela ngogesi eziyisici ezinikwe amandla imoto ene-e-Bio fuel cell - okuhlanganisa ukushayela buthule, isiqalo esilandelanayo nokusheshisa okusheshayo - kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bajabulele ukunethezeka kwemoto kagesi engu-100% (VE).
Futhi i-bio ethanol, ivelaphi?
Amafutha e-bio ethanol, kuhlanganise nalawo akhiqizwa kumoba kanye nommbila, atholakala ngobuningi emazweni ase-Asia naseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika I-e-Bio fuel cell, isebenzisa i-bio ethanol, Ngakho-ke ingahlinzeka ngesisombululo sezokuthutha esivumelana nemvelo futhi idale amathuba. ekukhiqizweni kwamandla esifunda, okusekelwa yingqalasizinda ekhona. Ngohlelo lwe-bio-ethanol, ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kuncishisiwe njengoba uhlelo lokukhula kukamoba, okukhiqizwa ngalo i-biofuel, luvumela ukuthi kutholakale "Umjikelezo Omaphakathi Wekhabhoni", ngaphandle kokwenyuka kwe-CO2.Futhi izindleko, zizoba phezulu?
Ngenhlanhla cha. Izindleko zokusebenzisa lolu hlobo lwemoto zizofana nalezo zama-EV amanje. Ngesikhathi esincishisiwe sokufaka uphethiloli kanye namandla amakhulu okukhiqiza ugesi, lobu buchwepheshe buyoba bufaneleka kubasebenzisi abadinga ukuzimela okuphezulu namandla, ngaleyo ndlela bakwazi ukusekela izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinsizakalo, njengokusabalalisa okukhulu.
Kuyinto ubuhle emisha in a «isimo esihlanzekile». Lapho ingxenye yomhlaba icabanga ukuthi imboni izolandela indlela ethile, imemezela i-hydrogen njengophethiloli wesikhathi esizayo, kwavela ubuchwepheshe obusha obukwazi ukubeka yonke into imibuzo. Izikhathi ezimnandi ziseza.