Ekuseni ngo-April 26, 1988 - kusekhona "i-hangover" yemikhosi yolunye futhi "usuku lwenkululeko" - ngasogwini lolwandle lwaseMadalena, kwenzeka lokho okwakuzoba umkhumbi omkhulu kunawo wonke emlandweni wamasosha asePortugal. Umlingiswa oyinhloko? Umkhumbi I-MV Reijin , ngaleso sikhathi “yayiyinkampani ethwala izimoto” enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
Usukile kulelo bhishi eGaia, umkhumbi, ubude obuyi-200 m, isisindo samathani ayizinkulungwane ezingama-58 nezimoto ezingaphezu kuka-5400 ebhodini, waguqula leyo ndawo hhayi nje yaba "indawo yodwendwe", kodwa futhi yaba umcimbi. ukuthi nanamuhla igcwalisa umcabango weqoqo labantu abaningi abangamaPutukezi.
Ukuqhathaniswa nokucwila kwe-Titanic kwenzeka ngokushesha. Phela, i-MV Reijin, njengomkhumbi waseBrithani owafa, yayiwumkhumbi othuthuke kakhulu osukwini lwayo, futhi yasungula nohambo lwayo lokuqala. Ngenhlanhla, ukuqhathanisa akuzange kufinyelele esibalweni sabantu abashonile - kukhona ukuzisola kuphela ngokushona kwabasebenzi ababili kule ngozi.
Kwenzekani ngo-April 26, 1988?
I-MV Reijin, "Titanic dos Automóveis" eyayizocwila ePortugal, izwe lamatilosi, yayinethimba lamadoda angu-22, yahamba ngaphansi kwefulegi lasePanama futhi ngaleyo ntwasahlobo ka-1988 yayenza uhambo lwayo lokuqala olukhulu, ngaphandle kokubala okungaphezu komkhumbi. ngonyaka kusukela ashiya ichweba elomile futhi waqala ukuhamba ngomkhumbi.
Umsebenzi wakhe wawulula: ukuletha izinkulungwane zezimoto ezivela eJapane ziye eYurophu. Lo msebenzi wawusuvele ummisile ethekwini laseLeixões, hhayi nje ukufaka uphethiloli, kodwa nokwethula izimoto ezingu-250 ePortugal. Futhi kwaba ngemva nje kokwenza lokho lapho kwagadla khona inhlekelele.
Ngokwemibiko, umkhumbi “awuhambanga kahle” usuka echwebeni elisenyakatho. Kwabanye, iMV Reijin yayizoqhubeka nempahla epakishwe kabi, kuyilapho abanye babekholelwa ukuthi inkinga “yayigxilile” nokuthi yayibangelwa ukungapheleli okuthile ekwakhiweni kwayo.
Imuphi kule mibono emibili ehambisana neqiniso akwaziwa nanamuhla. Okwaziwayo ukuthi ngesikhathi isuka echwebeni laseLeixões - ngobusuku lapho ulwandle olugubhayo lungazange luwusize umsebenzi wabasebenzi - iMV Reijin yayisivele ihlotshisiwe futhi, esikhundleni sokulibangisa olwandle, yagcina ichaze a. i-trajectory ehambisana nogu lwe-Vila Nova de Gaia.
Ngo-00:35, kwenzeka okungenakugwemeka: umkhumbi okwakufanele uye e-Ireland waqeda uhambo lwawo emadwaleni asogwini lolwandle lwaseMadalena, wavaleka futhi wembula ukuqhekeka okukhulu. Le ngozi iholele ekufeni komuntu oyedwa kwalimala oyedwa (bobabili ithimba), kwathi lonke iqembu latakulwa ngosizo lwabacimi bomlilo kanye ne-ISN (Institute for Socorros a Náufragos).
Portugal emakhasini okuqala
Ukusabela kule ngozi akuzange kulinde. Iziphathimandla zaqinisekisa ukuthi isimo siyalawuleka, ukuthi ayikho ingozi yokungcola (i-MV Reijin yayinikezwe amathani angaphezu kuka-300 e-naphtha kanye nokuchitheka kwayo kwakusongela ukubangela i-black tide) futhi bakhumbula ukuthi kwakungekho isicelo sosizo kuze kube yilapho umkhumbi ushona phansi.
Nokho, inani eliphakeme kakhulu elalimelelwe yile ngozi kanye nobukhulu bomkhumbi okwadonsa ukunaka okukhulu. Ngokuzenzakalelayo ibizwa ngokuthi "i-Titanic yezimoto", lokhu "kwaba ukuphahlazeka okukhulu kunakho konke ogwini lwamaPutukezi, ngokwempahla futhi enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni mayelana nabathwali bezimoto". Isihloko okungekho mkhumbi ofuna ukuba naso futhi okusese-MV Reijin.
Izithombe ezifana ne-Reijin "njengengemuva" seziphenduke insakavukela.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi kwakukhona 'ayeboshiwe' lapho, sekukonke, ama-contos angaphezu kwezigidi eziyishumi (cishe ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-50 emalini yamanje, singabala ukwehla kwamandla emali) futhi ngokushesha waqala inqubo yophenyo ukuze uqonde ukuthi umkhumbi wezimpahla oyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi wesimanje ukuthuthwa kwezimoto olwandle kwakucwile ogwini olusenyakatho oluvame kakhulu.
Ubufakazi obugcwele bethemba
Kanye nophenyo, inqubo yokususa nokuzama ukuhlenga i-MV Reijin kanye nempahla yayo yaqala cishe ngasikhathi sinye. Ngokuqondene neyokuqala, namuhla, ukungabikho komkhumbi omkhulu ogwini lwaseMadalena kufakazela ukususwa ngempumelelo kwe-MV Reijin. Ukusindiswa komkhumbi kwakungenakwenzeka nhlobo ukufeza.
Zitholele imoto yakho elandelayo
Umnqamulajuqu owanikezwa uhulumeni wokukhipha umkhumbi wawuyizinsuku ezingama-90 kuphela (kuze kube nguJulayi 26 kwakungeke kusaba khona iMV Reijin evaleleke lapho) futhi, ngakho-ke, izinkampani ezimbalwa ezikhethekile zaya ebhishi laseMadalena ukuze zihlole amathuba kanye nezindleko zokuwususa. noma ukuthukulula umkhumbi omkhulu.
Ukususwa kwe-naphtha, okwakuphuthuma kunayo yonke imisebenzi, kwaqala ngoMeyi 10, 1988 futhi “kwakuwumsebenzi wethimba” ohilela iziphathimandla zamaPutukezi, ochwepheshe baseJapane kanye nomkhumbi wamanzi ovela enkampanini yaseSpain. Ngokuqondene nokususwa kweReijin, izindleko eziwela kumnikazi wayo, lokhu kwakuwumthwalo wenkampani yaseDutch eyabonisa ngokushesha ukuzethemba.
Ngokombono wakhe, ithuba lokubuyisela umthwali wemoto likhuphukele ku-90% - into ephuthumayo, kucatshangelwa ukuthi umkhumbi wawumusha. Nokho, isikhathi sasiyobonisa ukuthi leli nani lalinethemba elikhulu. Naphezu kokuba ihlobo laliseduze, ulwandle aluzange luyeke futhi izinkinga zobuchwepheshe zanqwabelana. Umnqamulajuqu owawumisiwe ekuqaleni wokususwa kukaReijin bekufanele welulwe.
Emasontweni ambalwa nje, umkhankaso wokuhlenga i-MV Reijin uphenduke umkhankaso wokuyekisa ukusebenza. I-"Titanic dos Automóveis" yayingenayo insindiso eyayingenzeka.
Inqubo ende egcwele ukunyuka nokwehla
Kwadlula izinyanga futhi uReijin waba yi-ex-libris. Njengoba inkathi yokugeza igcwele ngokugcwele, ngo-9 Agasti, ukudilizwa komkhumbi waseJapane kwaqala. Ezinye zaqothuka, ezinye zashona phansi olwandle, lapho zisaphumula khona nanamuhla.
Ngesikhathi lapho umhlaba wawuhambela kancane kancane ekuhwebeni kwembulunga yonke, ukungakhululeki okwabangelwa umqondo wokucwila ingxenye yomkhumbi weqa imingcele wawela izilwandle. Ubufakazi balokhu kwakuyizindaba lapho iphephandaba laseMelika i-LA Times libike khona ukugxekwa kwezazi zemvelo kazwelonke ohlelweni lokususa "umdondoshiya wase-Asia".
Enye yalezi zinhlangano zezemvelo kwakuyi-Quercus eyayingaziwa ngaleso sikhathi, "eyahamba ngezinyawo" kusukela engxabanweni, yaphuma emthunzini futhi yenza izenzo eziningana, kuhlanganise nomsebenzi womkhumbi.
Noma kunjalo naphezu kokugxekwa, i-MV Reijin yaze yahlakazwa futhi ngo-Agasti 11 ingozi yokuthi ukusebenza okuhilelekile kwaholela ekuvinjweni kwebhishi laseMadalena. Lesi sinqumo senziwa ngesikhathi esifanele, njengoba ezinsukwini ezine kamuva, ngomhla ka-15, izimbaqa ezazisetshenziselwa ukusika ishidi zabangela umlilo.
Kwaphela izinyanga, izingxenye zemoto nezinto zobuciko ze-MV Reijin zigezwa ogwini. Ezinye zazo ziye zaguqulwa zaba izinto eziyisikhumbuzo ezisagcinwe izakhamuzi zakule ndawo.
Ukwehla nokwenyuka bekulokhu kunkenteza phakathi nenqubo, njengesiqephu samahlaya sangoSepthemba 1989, lapho isikebhe samaphononi esasisetshenziswa emsebenzini sagqashula lapho okwakuboshwe khona futhi “sasilingisa” iReijin, sashona phansi ogwini lwaseValadares.
Ekugcineni, ingxenye yomkhumbi yacwiliswa ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-240, enye ingxenye yalahlwa, futhi ezinye zezimoto ezazithwele i-MV Reijin zagcina zijule ngamamitha angu-2000 namamayela angu-40 (64 km) ukusuka ogwini— ukungenelela kweziphathimandla nezinhlangano zezemvelo kuvimbele lokhu ukuthi kube isiphetho sazo zonke izimoto ezisemkhunjini.
Izindleko eziphelele zokuphahlazeka ngaleso sikhathi zafinyelela kuma-contos ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-14 - izigidi eziyisishiyagalombili zokulahlekelwa isikebhe neziyisithupha zezimoto ezilahlekile - okulingana nama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-70. Izindleko zemvelo zisazonqunywa.
Okulahlekile ngenani kwatholwa enkumbulweni ehlangene. Ngisho nanamuhla igama elithi "Reijin" lenza izinhliziyo nezinkumbulo zinyuke. “Asibone isikebhe” kwakuyinkulumo ezwakala kakhulu entsheni ebhishi laseMadalena, lapho okwakusengozini kuyisimemo sezikhathi lapho amehlo agqolozelayo ayengamukelekile khona. Abazihambelayo kakhulu baphinde bakhumbule ukuhambela okungekho emthethweni ngaphakathi komkhumbi, zingekho iziphathimandla zasolwandle.
Olwandle, izingcezu zensimbi ezisontekile ezifakwe phakathi kwamadwala zasala, ezingase zibonakale nanamuhla emanzini aphansi, futhi eziwubufakazi obuphathekayo benhlekelele eyenzeka eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amathathu edlule. Babizwa ngokuthi i-MV Reijin, "i-Titanic yezimoto".