Umgwaqo ongaphambili wezimoto zeFuel Cell (FCV) mude. AbakwaToyota bayakwazi lokhu futhi abaliphuthi ithuba lokusikhumbuza ngalokhu. Kwaba njalo ngonyaka odlule sihlangana nesizukulwane esisha iToyota Mirai e-Amsterdam, kwaba njalo eminyakeni engaphezu kwemithathu edlule ngesikhathi sihlola isizukulwane sokuqala iMirai emcimbini owawugqugquzelwa yiToyota Portugal.
Namuhla, ngo-2021, sibona ukufika kwesizukulwane sesibili sobuchwepheshe be-Fuel Cell, esifakwe kuToyota Mirai entsha. Imodeli esathola ithuba lokuyishayela amahora ambalwa emigwaqweni yesiPutukezi.
Bekungokokuqala ukuthi imoto esebenza nge-hydrogen ihambe amakhilomitha amaningi kangaka emhlabathini wezwe. Oxhumana naye wokuqala wangempela, lapho sakwazi khona ukuhlola ngempumelelo wonke amakhono elinye lamafulegi ayinhloko we-Toyota zobuchwepheshe. Ungakubuka konke kuvidiyo efakiwe.
Ukufakwa kukagesi kusukela ngo-1997
Iqala ukuba isiko. Ngeminyaka yawo-1990, lapho abambalwa bekholelwa ekufakweni kukagesi kwemoto, iToyota yaqala phansi ngaleyo ndlela ngePrius, ihybrid yokuqala emakethe enkulu.
Manje umlando uyaziphinda. Hhayi ngokufakwa kukagesi - okuhamba ngendlela yakho - kodwa nge-hydrogen. Futhi futhi, kunamazwi amaningi akhuphukayo lapho ebhekene nobuchwepheshe obusenezinselelo eziningi ezisazobhekana nazo.
Yoshikazu Tanaka, Chief Engineer of Toyota MiraiUkunwetshwa kwengqalasizinda yokuhlinzeka edingwa ama-FCV kungenzeka kuthathe iminyaka eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20, noma mhlawumbe nangaphezulu. Impela umgwaqo omude futhi oyinselele. Nokho, ngenxa yekusasa, iyindlela okufanele siyilandele.
Ngokuqonda kweToyota okumanje ingeyesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni, abaholi nabo babhekana nalezi zinselelo. Yokuzama ukugoba imingcele yobunjiniyela ukuze ivune isintu.
Njengoba ngibhala le migqa, onjiniyela bakwaToyota sebevele bakha i-fuel cell cell. Umsebenzi owaqalwa kwaToyota ngonyaka we-1992.
Ukunqoba kokuqala kweFuel Cell
Kwa Toyota bathi vele ishibhile ukwenza iToyota Mirai njengemoto eyi-fuel cell (FCV) kunemoto esebenza ngogesi ngamabhethri (BEV). Nokho, uma kuyiqiniso ukuthi ama-FCV aya phambili, ama-BEV anenzuzo yokukwazi ukushaja noma yikuphi.Esimeni se-FCV, ingqalasizinda yokuhlinzeka e-Portugal ayikho. Ngo-2021 sizobe sesinezindawo ezintathu zokugcwalisa izimoto ze-hydrogen - okuhlanganisa nesiteshi se-hydrogen esizokwakhiwa yi-CaetanoBus.
Bese siba nenselelo yokukhiqiza i-hydrogen. Naphezu kokuchichima kakhulu, i-hydrogen inenkinga: ihlale ihlotshaniswa nenye into. Ukuhlukanisa i-hydrogen kwezinye izakhi kuyabiza futhi kuzosebenza kuphela ngokombono wemvelo uma kusekelwe emandleni avuselelekayo.
Nokho, ukuhlolwa kokuqala sekuphumelele kakade. Ngokukholelwa emazwini kaToyota, ingxenye yezinselelo zezimboni ezihlobene nokukhiqizwa kwe-fuel cell (Fuel Cell) sezinqotshiwe. Futhi njengoba kushiwo kuvidiyo, imoto iyingxenye encane ye-equation.
Ugesi webhethri ngokumelene ne-Fuel Cell?
Asikho isidingo sokuhlukanisa ingxoxo. I-FCV ayiphikisani ne-BEV, iyahambisana. Futhi okufanayo kungashiwo ngezimoto zenjini yomlilo (ICE) eziqhubeka zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuhambeni kwethu - futhi kuzoba yisikhathi eside esizayo.
Ngokubona kweToyota, i-FCV kanye ne-BEV banendawo esikhathini esizayo semoto; akusho ukushabalala kobunye ubuchwepheshe ngezindleko zobunye. Umbono obuye wabelane ngawo nabakwaHyundai, okungenye yezinkampani ezibheja kakhulu ku-Fuel Cell futhi iningi elikholelwa kulesi sixazululo.
IToyota Mirai ePortugal
Ngokungafani nesizukulwane sokuqala, iToyota Mirai entsha izomakethwa ePortugal. Zikhuluma ne-Razão Automóvel, izikhulu zase-Salvador Caetano - umthengisi we-Toyota odumile e-Portugal - uqinisekise ukufika kwe-Toyota Mirai ezweni lakithi kulo nyaka. Ukufika obekungenzeka ngo-2020 ukube bekungengenxa yalolu bhubhane.
Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, iPortugal izoba neziteshi ezimbili zokugcwalisa i-hydrogen: esisodwa edolobheni laseVila Nova de Gaia, nesinye eLisbon.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi esahlukweni sokuhamba kwe-hydrogen, uSalvador Caetano ukhona ezindaweni eziningana. Hhayi ngeToyota Mirai kuphela, kodwa nangeCaetano Bus, ethuthukisa ibhasi elisebenza nge-hydrogen. Kulokhu lapho u-Salvador Caetano ezoqhubekisela phambili uhlelo lomphakathi. Umthengisi kazwelonke wakwaToyota, ngeCaetano Bus, uzosebenzisa isiteshi sakhe sokushaja i-hydrogen.
Uma sifuna ukunweba imizamo kaSalvador Caetano nakakhulu, singabala ezinye izinhlobo ezingaphansi kokuqeqeshwa kwale nkampani ePortugal: iHonda neHyundai, ebuye ithengise izimoto ezisebenza nge-hydrogen kwamanye amazwe futhi ezizokwazi ukwenza kanjalo maduze. EPortugal.
Bhalisela iphephandaba lethu
Enye yazo, sesivele siyihlolile, iHyundai Nexo. Isivivinyo ongasibuyekeza kulesi sihloko, noma uma uthanda, kule vidiyo: