Izinjini zikaphethiloli zanamuhla ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zifinyelela ukusebenza kahle kwezinga lokushisa okungama-40% (iningi, nokho, lingamaphesenti ambalwa amaphuzu ngezansi), kodwa iNissan ithi ine-prototype injini evuthayo kaphethiloli yangaphakathi ekwazi ukufinyelela ku-50% , inani eliphakeme kakhulu kunelezinjini zeDizili. (okusukela phakathi kwama-43-45%).
Ukuba nezinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kahle kokushisa - ukusebenzisa ithuba lokuguqulwa kwamandla ashisayo kusukela ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali kokuvutha kube amandla emishini - kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa/ukukhishwa kwe-CO2. Nokho, ukuze kuzuzwe leli nani eliphezulu 50% ukusebenza kahle, Nissan washintsha target injini amandla omlilo.
Le nhloso entsha ayisasebenzi njenge-propellant yemoto (lapho isixhunywe khona emasondweni) futhi manje isebenza kuphela njengejeneretha (engaxhunywanga emasondweni) yamandla enjini yokudonsa kagesi.
Injini kaphethiloli esebenza kahle kakhulu ezosebenza… ezikagesi
Akumangazi-ke ukuthi lesi simemezelo siqhamuke ngaphansi kwegama lobuchwepheshe bakwaNissan be-e-POWER (hybrid technology), asebevele besebenzisa izinhlobo ezifana neNothi futhi bazophinde banikeze iNissan Qashqai yesizukulwane sesithathu.Njengoba sesishilo kaningi, izinhlobo ze-e-POWER zakwaNissan ziyizimoto ezisebenza ngogesi. Nokho, amandla kagesi abawadingayo ukuze basebenze awaveli ebhethrini elikhulu, elisindayo nelibizayo, kodwa avela enjinini evuthayo yangaphakathi ethatha indima yejeneretha. Lisekhona ibhethri, kuyiqiniso, kodwa lincane kakhulu, lisebenzela ukugcina amandla akhiqizwa injini yokushisa.
I-STARC, injini ye-prototype
Njengoba i-generator nje, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwenjini yokushisa embusweni wayo osebenza kahle kakhulu wokuzungezisa kanye nemithwalo. Kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuzuza u-50% osebenza kahle ngokushisa. I-Nissan manje ikhombisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo zokufeza umgomo onjalo wokuvelela, ngaphansi kokuthuthukiswa kwesizukulwane esilandelayo sobuchwepheshe be-e-POWER, esesivele siholele enjini ye-prototype, i-STARC.
Bhalisela iphephandaba lethu
I-STARC isifinyezo sesiteshi “esiqinile, esiwayo nesinwebeka ngokufanelekile” - ngisho nangale ncazelo, besilahlekelwe ngandlela thize... NgokukaNissan, lokhu singahumusha ngokukhululekile sibe into "efana negumbi eliqinile, eliklanywe ngokukhethekile futhi elinwetshiwe. ” .
Ukucacisa incazelo yakho konke lokhu, umsebenzi wonjiniyela bakwaNissan ugxile ekusheshiseni ukugeleza kwengxube ye-fuel-air ngaphakathi kwesilinda ngesikhathi sokushisa, okuzovumela ukuvutha okuphelele kwengxube kaphethiloli. ngesilinganiso sokucindezela esiphezulu.
Okuthile okungazange kwenzeke ukuthi kuzuzwe enjinini yokushisa esetshenziswa njengophephela. Kufanele iphendule ekushintsheni okuqhubekayo komthwalo namandla ngesikhathi ngasinye (ukusheshisa, ukwehla, imithambeka), okudinga ukuyekethisa kumingcele yayo yokusebenza (ukugeleza kwengxube ku-cylinder, isikhathi sokushisa kanye nesilinganiso sokucindezela). Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kahle kwayo kuba sengozini.
Zonke lezi zithiyo ziyanyamalala lapho injini yokushisa iba ijeneretha, lapho iqala ukusebenza kuphela esimweni esifanele sokujikeleza nokulayisha, lapho isebenza kahle kakhulu (ebangeni elilinganiselwe kakhulu), okuvumela, kusukela ekuqaleni, ukusetshenziswa okuphansi futhi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwenjini enamasilinda amaningi iyathembisa. Ukusebenza kahle okungama-43% kwafinyelelwa lapho kusetshenziswa indlela yokuhlanza i-EGR (exhaust gas recirculation valve) kanye no-46% ngokusebenzisa ingxube yamafutha omoya athambile (okungukuthi ngengxube lapho kunomoya omningi kunophethiloli uma kuqhathaniswa nengxube efanelekile yesibaseli somoya. ukushiswa ngokuphelele kwamafutha).
Ukushisa okushisayo okungu-50% kwenjini entsha ye-STARC kufinyelelwa uma lezi zinyathelo zihlanganiswa nobuchwepheshe bokubuyisa ukushisa okulahlwayo kanye nenjini esebenza ngokugcwala nokuzungeza njalo. Manje sekusele ukulinda isikhathi esengeziwe ukuze kwethulwe le njini yokushisa eyisipesheli.
U-Toshihiro Hirai, Iphini Likamongameli Omkhulu, Isigaba Sobunjiniyela Bezimoto zikagesi kanye nezitshalo zamandla kwa-Nissan Motor Co. Ltd“Ihlose ukuzuza ukungathathi hlangothi kwekhabhoni emjikelezweni wokuphila wemikhiqizo yabo kuze kube ngu-2050, abakwaNissan bahlose ukufaka ugesi ekuqaleni kwawo-2030 zonke izinhlobo ezintsha ezethulwe ezimakethe ezinkulu zomhlaba. Isu lakwaNissan lokufaka ugesi likhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezitimela zikagesi kanye namabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu ezimotweni zikagesi, ngobuchwepheshe be-e-POWER obumele insika yamasu ebalulekile kulo mzila».