Ngo-2030 imboni yezimoto kuzomele yehlisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ezimotweni zabagibeli ngo-37.5%. Inani elidinga kakhulu, eliqala kusukela kusisekelo esesivele sibeka izinhlobo zezimoto "kusexwayiso esibomvu": 95 g/km.
Naphezu kwezixwayiso ezivela kulo mkhakha, kungenzeka ukuthi isimo sizoba nzima nakakhulu lapho kumenyezelwa amazinga amasha e-Euro 7. Ngakho-ke lo nyaka unyaka wezinqumo ezinkulu: umkhakha kufanele usabele kulokho ubhubhane, ukululama kanye nephrojekthi yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngeke kube lula. Ngiyakhumbula ukuthi ngo-2018, lapho kusungulwa imigomo emisha yokukhipha umoya, ama-MEPs azwakalisa isifiso sawo sokuqhubekela phambili “ngisho nangaphezulu”, ephakamisa ukuncishiswa kokukhishwa okungama-40% “njengesimo esihle”. Imboni icele u-30%, isishayamthetho safuna u-40%, sahlala no-37.5%.
Ngisho ngidlulela phambili. Isimo esifanelekile kungaba ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ku-100%. Kungaba kuhle kakhulu. Nokho, njengoba sazi kahle, akunakwenzeka. Isono sokuqala yilesi: ukwehluleka kwesishayamthetho saseYurophu ukubhekana neqiniso. Egameni lembangela yezemvelo - okungeyawo wonke umuntu futhi WONKE UMUNTU kufanele ahlanganise - imigomo nezinjongo zibuyekezwa ngesivinini esingenakwenzeka ukulandelwa yimboni yezimoto kanye nomphakathi. Ngiqinisa igama elithi umphakathi.
EYurophu kuphela, umkhakha wezimoto unesibopho semisebenzi eyizigidi eziyi-15, ama-Euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-440 emalini engenayo yentela kanye nama-7% we-GDP ye-EU.
Naphezu kwakho konke, lezi zinombolo azikuvezi ngokugcwele ukubaluleka kwemboni yezimoto. Kubalulekile ukungakhohlwa umphumela wokuphindaphindeka imboni yezimoto enawo emnothweni - ezensimbi, izindwangu, izingxenye kanye nezinye izimboni zokukhiqiza.
Bhalisela iphephandaba lethu
Singenza umsebenzi wokuvivinya umzimba: cabanga ngesifunda sase-Setúbal (kanye nezwe) ngaphandle kwe-Autoeuropa. Asebekhulile bazokhumbula ukudangala isifunda sase-Setúbal esabhekana nakho ngemva kokuvalwa kwezimboni zayo eziyinhloko ngawo-1980. , hhayi njalo, okungenani okungaxoxwa ngakho.
Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu angalindela ukucatshangelwa okuthile kukho konke ukuthathwa kwezinqumo, kodwa akunjalo. Ukuqala ngeziphathimandla zendawo, eziphasiswe ohulumeni bamazwe futhi kugcine ngabakhi bezinqumo baseYurophu.
Okuye kwabuzwa embonini yezimoto - ekuhlosweni kokungcoliswa komoya, amafomula wokubala kanye nezibuyekezo zezezimali - kungenxa yokuntuleka kwelinye igama: udlame.
Labo isizinda sabo semfundo sisekelwe kwezobunjiniyela - ngokungafani nami, engaya 'esikoleni' sesintu - bayazi ukuthi uma uzuza ngokusebenza kahle - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umshini noma inqubo - engu-2% noma u-3%, kuyisizathu vula ibhodlela le-champagne, ujoyine iqembu futhi ugubhe i-feat.
Njengoba sizama ukukugwema, lokho esikulindele - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemthethweni kangakanani - kuhlala kuhlangabezana namaqiniso. Mayelana nalokhu, isishayamthetho saseYurophu asikwazanga ukulawula okulindelwe.
Kuyathethelelwa ukuthi izinhlangano zezemvelo ezifana ne "Transport & Environment", eholwa nguGreg Archer, kanye nozakwabo bathi "inqubekelaphambili ayisheshi ngokwanele ukufinyelela izinhloso zethu zemvelo". Lapho ebhekene nemiphumela enjengalena, umuntu angalindela ukubuyekezwa kwemigomo, kodwa akwenzeki lokho, imigomo iyabhebhetheka. Ukushaqeka kweqiniso kuzoba kukhulu.
Abanaso isisindo somthwalo wemfanelo walabo abanenhlalakahle yomphakathi ezandleni zabo - noma, uma uthanda, umnotho, incazelo yawo ye-etymological "ubuciko bokuphatha ikhaya", iplanethi yethu. Kungakho kungaxoleleki ukuthi isishayamthetho singawuzwa lo mthwalo. Indlela angazange azizwe ngayo ngo-Okthoba 2020, lapho kuphela imihlomulo eyingxubevange. Sishisa izitebhisi.
Ingabe kunengqondo ukuyeka ukusekela izimoto ezinobuchwepheshe obuxubile, obufinyeleleka esikhwameni seningi lamaPutukezi, okuvumela ukuhamba edolobheni ngaphezu kuka-60% wesikhathi kumodi kagesi?
Lesi isibonelo esisodwa sendlela ubufandamentali bezemvelo bulimaza ngayo. Esinye isibonelo: umkhankaso owenziwe ngokumelene nezinjini zikaDiesel uholele ekwenyukeni okumaphakathi kokukhishwa kwe-CO2 e-EU. Kudingeka ukucutshungulwa okukhulu nokunakekela ekuthathweni kwezinqumo. Imvelo "ibanzi-isekelwe", kodwa umphakathi akunjalo.
Ngakho-ke, njengoba ubona emazwini ami, akusona isidingo soshintsho emkhakheni wezimoto engibuzayo. Kodwa kunalokho ijubane nemiphumela esiyifunayo kulolu shintsho. Ngoba uma sibhekene nemboni yezimoto, sibhekana nenye yezinsika eziyinhloko zomnotho wase-Europe. Sithinta inhlalakahle yezigidi zemindeni kanye nenye yezimpumelelo ezinkulu zeminyaka eyi-100 edlule: ukwenziwa kwentando yeningi kokuhamba.
E-Portugal, uma sifuna ukuqala ukukhathazeka ngokungathi sína ngekhwalithi yomoya kanye nokukhishwa kwe-CO2, singabheka okwamanje. Yini esingayenza manje? Sinendawo yokupaka izimoto enesilinganiso sobudala obungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-13. Izimoto ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezinhlanu ePortugal zineminyaka engaphezu kuka-10 ubudala, futhi cishe isigidi sineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ubudala.
Ukukhuthaza ukuchithwa kwalezi zimoto, ngaphandle kokungabaza, kuyindlela ephumelela kunazo zonke esinganikeza ngayo ekulweni nokungcoliswa komoya.
Kule minyaka engaphezu kwe-120, imboni yezimoto ibonise amandla amangalisayo oshintsho, umthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ifa esizoqhubeka silikhumbula kubantu abangenathemba kakhulu. Iyashoda, futhi imboni yezimoto ifanelwe ukuqashelwa hhayi ngamaphutha ayo kuphela, kodwa nangokufaneleka kwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wonke umphakathi, ngaphandle kokukhetha, ufisa ukuqhubekela ekususeni ikhabhoni.
Endabeni yemboni yezimoto, siyaziqhenya ngokufakaza nokumemezela lolu shintsho, oluzosiholela ekuhambeni kwesikhathi esizayo: intando yeningi, enomthelela omncane kwezemvelo kanye nezixazululo ezintsha.