Ikusasa likaDizili ligubuzelwe yifu elimnyama - noma yikuphi ukufana neqiniso kumane kuzenzekele. Akuzona izimfanelo zalezi zinjini okukhulunywa ngazo, kodwa ikhono lazo lokuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo ngezindleko ezilawulwayo esikhathini esizayo.
Izitatimende zikaSergio Marchionne weFCA kanye no-Håkan Samuelsson wakwaVolvo, eziqoshwe ngeledlule e-Geneva Motor Show, zinikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile kulokhu.
U-Marchionne, umqondisi omkhulu we-FCA, unciphisa ukujaha:
“Zimbalwa kakhulu izinto eziqinisekile kule makethe, ngaphandle kweyodwa: odizili abancane baphelile. Ngicabanga ukuthi konke okunye kuwumdlalo ongenzeleli, ngakho-ke ake sikuzame.”
Muva nje lapha kwa-Razão Automóvel sibike ukuthi ozongena esikhundleni se-Fiat 500 kuzoba yi-hybrid. Okusho ukushintshwa kwenjini encane engu-1.3 Multijet. Ngamanye amazwi, hhayi kuphela ikusasa le-Fiat 500, kodwa futhi umlandeli we-Fiat Panda, kuzodingeka balahle izinjini zedizili ukuze bakhethe izinhlelo ze-semi-hybrid ezisekelwe ohlelweni olusha lwe-48-volt.
U-Marchionne waqhubeka, ebeka isizathu esiyinhloko salolu shintsho: "Indaba ayikho mayelana nobuchwepheshe, kodwa mayelana nekhono lekhasimende lokuyikhokhela."
Kodwa kungani izindleko zobuchwepheshe bukaDizili zikhuphuke kangaka?
Kungani udizili ubize kangaka ukhombisa imvelo yamanje neyesikhathi esizayo yokulawula. I-Dieselgate igcine idalule ukushiyeka kokuhlolwa kwe-homologation kanye namazinga e-NOx avumela ngokweqile.
Nakuba - iqiniso lingase litshelwe - ngemuva kwezigcawu zemboni yezimoto kwase kwaziwa ukuthi kwase kuyindaba yesikhathi ngaphambi kokuthi kuqaliswe imigomo emisha ye-avareji yokukhipha umoya (95 g/km CO2), amazinga e-emission (Euro 6c) kanye nezivivinyo zokuxhumanisa abantu (homologation tests). I-WLTP ne-RDE). I-Dieselgate ifake ingcindezi kuphela ezigungwini zase-Europe ukuthi zidlulele kulolu hlaka olusha lokulawula ngokushesha okukhulu.
“Mayelana nezinjini zikadizili, njengoba sesibona kakade, namuhla amamodeli asesigabeni sika-A (abahlali basemadolobheni) analolu hlobo lwenjini awavamile.”
Ngasohlangothini lomkhiqizo, imithetho eqinile iphoqa ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni. Ngasohlangothini lwabathengi, ihumusha imali ephezulu uma uthenga imoto.
Endabeni yedizili, izinhlelo zokwelashwa kwegesi ephumayo ziye zaholela ekwamukelweni okusabalele kwezihlungi zezinhlayiya futhi, muva nje, izinhlelo ze-SCR (selective catalytic reduction). Konke lokhu ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwe-NOx.
Ngokubikezelwa, izindleko zezinjini zikadizili uma ziqhathaniswa nezinjini ze-Otto (kaphethiloli) ziyakhuphuka. Futhi izindleko zizoqhubeka zikhuphuka kuze kube yilapho kungathetheleleki ukukhetha udizili kunenjini kaphethiloli.
Lezi zindleko, uma zisetshenziswa ezimotweni ezisuka ezingxenyeni eziphansi (ezimotweni zedolobha nezensiza) zisikisela ukwenyuka kwamanani okuthengekayo kumthengi. Ezinye izindlela kufanele zicatshangelwe, futhi ngenxa yalokho inketho ye-hybrid izuza ukubaluleka.
AKUMELE UPHUTHELWE: Uma ungayikhiphi injini yakho kadizili kufanele…
Ngandlela thize, ukufakwa kukagesi ingxenye yemoto kuzoba yiqiniso elivamile kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo. Inani leziphakamiso ze-micro-hybrid kanye ne-semi-hybrid kulindeleke ukuthi likhule kakhulu. Kuzoba ukuphela kwendlela yokuhlangabezana no-95 g/km odingekayo we-CO2. U-Håkan Samuelsson, oyi-CEO yakwaVolvo, uchaze kabanzi ngalesi simo e-Geneva:
“I-Europe ibinomthetho ovumela amazinga aphezulu e-NOx ezinjinini zikadizili, kodwa kuphephile ukusho ukuthi lezo zinsuku seziphelile. Kuzofanele senze izinjini zikadizili ezinamazinga e-NOx afanayo nenjini kaphethiloli futhi nakuba kungenzeka kodwa izobiza kakhulu, yingakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuba yinto engeyinhle.”
Esikhathini esifushane, i-CEO yakwaVolvo iyavuma ukuthi i-Diesel izobaluleka ukuze ifinyelele ku-95 g/km CO2:
[…] kuze kube ngu-2020 Udizili uzoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalolo suku, i- injini ezimbili (hybrid) kanye nazo zonke izimoto zikagesi zizobiza kakhulu, futhi lapho izimfuneko zehla zisuka ku-95 g/km, ngiqinisekile ukuthi injini kadizili ngeke ikwazi ukusisiza.
AbakwaVolvo balungiselela ukwethula imoto yabo yokuqala esebenza ngogesi emakethe ngo-2019 futhi ngo-2025 zonke izinhlobo zohlobo lwaseSweden kulindeleke ukuthi zibe nezinhlobo ezihlukene zokukhishwa kwegesi.
Ngokuqondene nezinjini zikadizili, njengoba sesivele sibona, amamodeli asesigabeni A (abahlali basemadolobheni) analolu hlobo lwenjini awavamile namuhla. Esigabeni esingenhla (izinsiza) kufanele ziqale ukuncipha kakhulu, njengoba kwethulwa izizukulwane ezintsha zamamodeli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kufanele sibone ukuningi kweziphakamiso ezinamazinga ahlukene e-hybridization.
Asazi ukuthi ikusasa lisiphatheleni, kodwa uma kukhulunywa ngezinjini zikaDiesel akungabazeki (okungenani ezingxenyeni eziphansi): oDizili ngisho izinsuku zabo zibaliwe.