Ngesimemezelo sakamuva sokuzalwa kabusha kwezinjini ze-Wankel ezandleni ze-Mazda, sibheka emuva emlandweni walobu buchwepheshe kumkhiqizo wakwa-Hiroshima.
Igama lesakhiwo esithi "Wankel" lisuselwa egameni likanjiniyela waseJalimane owayidala, uFelix Wankel.U-Wankel waqala ukucabanga ngenjini ejikelezayo enenjongo eyodwa engqondweni: ukuguqula imboni nokudala injini ezodlula izinjini ezivamile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini ezivamile, ukusebenza kwezinjini ze-Wankel kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa "ama-rotor" esikhundleni se-pistons yendabuko, okuvumela ukunyakaza okushelelayo, ukuvutha komugqa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezimbalwa ezihambayo.
OKUPHATHELENE: Ukuthola kabanzi ukuthi injini ye-Wankel isebenza kanjani chofoza lapha
I-prototype yokuqala yale njini yasungulwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950, ngesikhathi lapho imboni yezimoto yayikhula futhi ukuncintisana kwanda. Ngokwemvelo, enkampanini esafufusa neyayifisa ukufinyelela endaweni emakethe, kwakudingekile ukusungula izinto ezintsha, futhi yilapho umbuzo omkhulu wawukhona: kanjani?
UTsuneji Matsuda, owayengumongameli weMazda ngaleso sikhathi, wayenempendulo. Ehlatshwe umxhwele ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukiswe u-Felix Wankel, wenza isivumelwano nomkhiqizi waseJalimane i-NSU - uhlobo lokuqala olunikeza ilayisense le sakhiwo senjini - ukuze kudayiswe injini ejikelezayo ethembisayo. Isinyathelo sokuqala endabeni esizosiyisa kulolu suku sathathwa kanjalo.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kwabe sekuwukusuka kumbono wokuzijwayeza: iminyaka eyisithupha, onjiniyela abangama-47 bohlobo lwaseJapan basebenza ekuthuthukisweni nasekuqanjweni kwenjini. Naphezu kwesasasa, lo msebenzi ubonakale unzima kakhulu kunalokho obekulindelwe ekuqaleni, njengoba umnyango wocwaningo ubhekane nobunzima obuningi ekukhiqizeni injini ejikelezayo.
FUNDA OKUNYE: Ishabhu bekuyisizinda sokwenziwa kabusha kwemidwebo yeRenaissance
Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi owathuthukiswa iMazda wagcina uthele izithelo kwathi ngo-1967 injini yaphuma okokuqala kuMazda Cosmo Sport, imodeli okwathi ngemva konyaka yaqeda i-84 Hours of the Nurburgring endaweni yesine ehloniphekile. Ku-Mazda, lo mphumela wawuwubufakazi bokuthi injini ye-rotary inikeza ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu nokuqina okukhulu. Bekuwufanele utshalomali, bekuyindaba yokuqhubeka nokuzama.Naphezu kwempumelelo ezuzwe emncintiswaneni kuphela ngokwethulwa kwe-Savanna RX-7, ngo-1978, injini ejikelezayo yagcinwa isesikhathini nozakwabo abavamile, ishintsha imoto eyayiheha ukuklanywa kwayo kuphela, yaba umshini ofunwa umshini wayo. umakhenikha.. Ngaphambi kwalokho, ngo-1975, inguqulo "enobungani bemvelo" yenjini ejikelezayo isivele yethulwa, ne-Mazda RX-5.
Lokhu kuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe bekuhlale kuhambisana nohlelo lwezemidlalo oluqinile, obelusebenza njengeshubhu lokuhlola izinjini kanye nokwenza konke ukuthuthukiswa kusebenze. Ngo-1991, i-rotary engine Mazda 787B yaze yawina umjaho we-Le Mans 24 Hours - bekungokokuqala ngqa ukuthi umkhiqizi waseJapan ewine umjaho wokukhuthazela oyinganekwane emhlabeni wonke.
Eminyakeni engaphezu kweshumi kamuva, ngo-2003, i-Mazda yethula injini ye-Renesis rotary ehlotshaniswa ne-RX-8, ngesikhathi lapho uhlobo lwaseJapane lwalusephethwe ngabakwaFord. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngaphezu kwezinzuzo ezinkulu mayelana nokusebenza kahle nomnotho, injini ye-Wankel "yacwiliswa enanini elingokomfanekiso lomkhiqizo". Ngo-2012, ekupheleni kokukhiqizwa kweMazda RX-8 futhi kungasekho okuzoshintshwa, injini yakwaWankel yagcina iphelelwa isitimu, isalele emuva kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinjini ezijwayelekile mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli, itorque nezindleko zenjini. ukukhiqizwa.
OKUSHIWO: Imboni lapho i-Mazda ikhiqize khona i-Wankel 13B "inkosi ye-spin"
Kodwa-ke, labo abacabanga ukuthi injini ye-Wankel ifile kufanele baphoxeke. Naphezu kobunzima bokuhambisana nezinye izinjini ezivuthayo, uhlobo lwaseJapane lukwazile ukugcina umnyombo wonjiniyela abathuthukisa le njini phakathi neminyaka. Umsebenzi ovumele ukwethulwa kwenguqulo entsha yenjini ye-Wankel, ebizwa nge-SkyActiv-R. Le njini entsha izobuya kwesekunesikhathi ilindelwe esikhundleni seMazda RX-8, eyethulwe embukisweni wezimoto iTokyo Motor Show.
Izinjini ze-Wankel zisempilweni enhle futhi ziyanconywa, kusho i-Mazda. Ukuphikelela komkhiqizo we-Hiroshima ekukhiqizeni lesi sakhiwo senjini kushukunyiswa isifiso sokufakazela ukufaneleka kwalesi sixazululo futhi sibonise ukuthi kungenzeka ukukwenza ngokuhlukile. Ngokwamazwi ka-Ikuo Maeda, umqondisi womklamo womhlaba wonke wakwaMazda, “imodeli ye-RX izoba yi-RX kuphela uma ine-Wankel”. Le RX mayiqhamuke lapho...
UHLELO LOKUQALA KWEZINSIZWA | Umugqa wesikhathi we-Wankel Engine kwa-Mazda:
1961 - I-prototype yokuqala yenjini ejikelezayo
1967 – Ukuqala kokukhiqizwa kwenjini ejikelezayo kuMazda Cosmo Sport
1968 – Ukwethulwa kweMazda Familia Rotary Coupe;
1968 – ICosmo Sport ikleliswe endaweni yesine emahoreni angama-84 eNürburgring;
1969 – Kwethulwa iMazda Luce Rotary Coupe enenjini engu-13A ejikelezayo;
1970 – Kwethulwa iMazda Capella Rotary (RX-2) enenjini engu-12A ejikelezayo;
1973 – Ukwethulwa kweMazda Savanna (RX-3);
1975 - Ukwethulwa kwe-Mazda Cosmo AP (RX-5) enenguqulo ye-ecological yenjini ejikelezayo engu-13B;
1978 – Ukwethulwa kweMazda Savanna (RX-7);
1985 – Kwethulwe isizukulwane sesibili iMazda RX-7 enenjini engu-13B rotary turbo;
1991 - IMazda 787B iwina amahora angama-24 eLe Mans;
1991 – Kwethulwa isizukulwane sesithathu iMazda RX-7 enenjini eyi-rotary engu-13B-REW;
2003 - Ukwethulwa kweMazda RX-8 enenjini ejikelezayo yeRenesis;
2015 - Ukwethulwa komqondo wezemidlalo ngenjini ye-SkyActiv-R.
