IMazda isaqhubeka nokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe beSkyactiv kuwo womabili amabhulokhi kaphethiloli nodizili. Zitholele iyunithi yakamuva ye-1.5 Skyactiv D ezoqala ukubonakala ku-Mazda 2 elandelayo.
Ngemuva kwebhulokhi ye-2.2 Skyactiv D, manje sekunomfowethu omncane, i-1.5 Skyactiv D, eqale ukuphawulwa ngekusasa le-Mazda 2.
Le njini entsha yakwaMazda enobuchwepheshe beSkyactiv isivele ihlangabezana nemigomo eqinile ye-EURO 6, futhi ikwenza lokho ngaphandle kwanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwe-catalysis. Kodwa ukufeza le miphumela, i-Mazda yayibhekene nezinkinga ezimbalwa ezinciphisa amandla omshini we-Diesel.
Kodwa-ke, umphumela otholiwe, usebenzisa i-turbocharger ye-geometry eguquguqukayo kanye nenzwa yokuzungeza edidiyelwe, kanye ne-intercooler epholile ngamanzi, yanelisa ngokugcwele uphawu lwaseJapane. Okwesibili, kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuphendula kwebhulokhi ye-1.5 Diesel. IMazda ikholwa wukuthi izoba nenjini kadizili engasetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sayo.
Ibhulokhi engu-1.5 Skyactiv D iziveza nokugudluka okungu-1497cc kanye namandla angu-105 ku-4000rpm, i-torque engu-250Nm ibonakala iqala ngo-1500rpm futhi ihlala njalo ize isondele ku-2500rpm, konke kuphuma CO₂ engu-90g/km nje.
Kodwa ukuze kufinyelelwe la magugu, kwakungeyona yonke into eyayilungile futhi i-Mazda ibhekene nezinkinga eziningi zobuchwepheshe. Izinkinga ezanqotshwa ngokusho komkhiqizo, ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva. Kodwa ake sihambe ezingxenyeni ezithile, ngenhloso yokuxazulula zonke izinselelo ezinqotshwe yiMazda ukuthuthukisa le njini engu-1.5 Skyactiv D.
Kwakungenzeka kanjani ukunqoba izindinganiso zemvelo ezinzima ngaphandle kwesidingo sokwelashwa kwe-catalytic?
Amabhulokhi edizili ngokuvamile asebenza ngamazinga okucindezela, aphezulu kakhulu kunamabhulokhi kaphethiloli. Lokhu kubangelwa ukucaciswa komlilo we-diesel, oqhuma ngomfutho ophezulu futhi awuqhumi njengophethiloli, kodwa ubamba umlilo.
Le nkinga iba yinkinga ikakhulukazi, ngoba ngenxa yokulinganisa okuphezulu kokucindezela, lapho i-piston ikwi-TDC yayo (isikhungo esiphezulu esifile), ukuthungela kuvame ukwenzeka ngaphambi kwenhlanganisela ephelele ne-homogeneous phakathi komoya nophethiloli, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwamagesi e-NOx kanye izinhlayiya ezingcolisa. Ukubambezeleka komjovo kaphethiloli, kuyilapho kusiza ngezinga lokushisa nokucindezela, kubangela ukonga okubi kakhulu kanjalo nokusetshenziswa okuphezulu.
I-Mazda, izazi lezi zinkinga, nokho yanquma ukubheja ekunciphiseni isilinganiso sokuminyanisa amabhulokhi ayo e-Diesel Skyactiv, ngezilinganiso zokuminyanisa ezingu-14.0:1 - inani eliphansi ngokusobala lebhulokhi likadizili, njengoba isilinganiso sizungeze u-16.0: 1. Ukusebenzisa lesi sixazululo, usebenzisa ama-pistons avela emakamelweni athile avuthayo, kwakungenzeka ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa nokucindezela ku-PMS yamasilinda, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ingxube.
Njengoba le nkinga ixazululiwe, inkinga yomnotho kaphethiloli yahlala ixazululwa, ngakho iMazda yaphendukela kumlingo we-electronics. Ngamanye amazwi, amamephu womjovo anama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi akwazi ukwenza imiksi yangaphambili elungiselelwe, kubhulokhi enezinga lokuminyanisa eliphansi. Ngaphandle kwemiphumela enenzuzo ekushiseni, ukunciphisa isilinganiso sokucindezela kwenza kube lula ukunciphisa isisindo se-block, njengoba kungaphansi kwengcindezi encane yangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kanye nesivinini sokuphendula injini.
I-Mazda iyixazulule kanjani inkinga yokuqala okubandayo kanye nokushisa okuzenzakalelayo okushisayo ngesilinganiso esiphansi sokucindezela?
Lezi bekuyizinye izinkinga ezimbili ezingaphansi kwesilinganiso esiphansi sokucindezela kwe-block. Ngesilinganiso esiphansi sokucindezela, kuba nzima kakhulu ukwakha ukucindezela okwanele kanye nezinga lokushisa ukuze uphethiloli uvutha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho i-block ishisa, isilinganiso esiphansi sokucindezela senza izindawo zokuvutha ngokuzenzakalela zibe nzima ku-ECU ukuphatha.
Kwakungenxa yalezi zinkinga lapho i-Mazda yanquma ukufaka ku-1.5 Skyactiv D ibhulokhi, ama-injection akamuva e-Piezo anezimbobo ezinezimbobo eziyi-12, okuvumela izimo ezihlukahlukene zokujova nokusebenza ngezikhathi ezimfushane kakhulu, ekwazi ukwenza imijovo efinyelela ku-9 umjikelezo , okuvumela ukulawula ukugxila kwengxube, ukuxazulula inkinga yokuqala okubandayo.
Ngaphezu kwamaphethini omjovo angu-3 ayisisekelo (umjovo wangaphambili, umjovo omkhulu kanye nomjovo wangemva komjovo) le mijovo ye-Piezo ingenza inani lamaphethini ahlukene ngokuvumelana nezimo zomoya kanye nomthwalo wenjini.
Ukushisa okuzenzakalelayo kwaxazululwa, kusetshenziswa isikhathi se-valve eguquguqukayo. Ama-valve okukhipha umoya avuleka kancane phakathi nesigaba sokuthatha, okuvumela amagesi akhipha umoya ukuthi aphinde asetshenziswe kabusha ekamelweni elivuthayo, okwandisa izinga lokushisa, ngaphandle kokudala amaphuzu okucindezela, njengoba kumabhulokhi we-Diesel izinga lokushisa liyakhuphuka ekamelweni lokushisa. ukunxephezela ukusetshenziswa kwezilinganiso zokucindezela okuphezulu, okubuye kukhiqize ama-spikes okucindezela okunzima ukuwalawula.