Izinto ezisetshenziswayo nezikhishwayo. Kube ngesinye sezihloko okukhulunywa ngazo kakhulu lapha e-Razão Automóvel. Uma ufuna ukuhlala unolwazi lwakamuva ngokuqukethwe okubaluleke kakhulu esikukhave ngalesi sihloko, lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje:
- Konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokusetshenziswa okusha kanye nomjikelezo wezinto ezikhishwayo;
- Amamodeli ayi-15 kuphela ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokukhishwa kwe-RDE 'zempilo yangempela';
- Ingabe izinjini zikadizili zizophela ngempela? Bheka cha, bheka cha…;
- I-Dieselgate kanye ne-emissions: ukucaciswa okungenzeka.
Uma kubhekwa isihloko sesihloko, akumangazi kunoma ubani ukuthi zonke izimoto ezithengiswayo njengamanje zinikeza umehluko othile phakathi kokusetshenziswa okugunyaziwe nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Okuthile okuphindaphindiwe kangangokuthi kubhekwa "okujwayelekile". Kusukela kumabhrendi kuya kubathengi, wonke umuntu usejwayele ukuphila nalokhu kungafani.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungaboni ngaso linye kubangela amanani akhathazayo. Ngokusho kwe-European Federation for Transport and Environment, umehluko wemakethe omaphakathi manje useku 42% (idatha evela ku-2015).
Iziphetho zivela ocwaningweni olwenziwa yi-European Federation of Transport and Environment, eqhathanise idatha yokugunyazwa kwezimoto nokuhlolwa okwenziwa yi-International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) kanye nedatha enikezwe izinkulungwane zabashayeli ngenkundla ye-Spritmonitor. Ngakho-ke, sibhekene nesampula ebaluleke kakhulu.
Kungani “kukhuphuka” lokhu kuhluka?
Umehluko ojwayelekile uyaqhubeka nokukhula, unyaka nonyaka, hhayi nje ngenxa yokwanda kwesimanje kwezinjini, okuvumela imikhiqizo ukuthi "ilawule" amapharamitha enjini ngempumelelo (ngaphandle kokuphula noma yimiphi imithetho), kodwa nangenxa yobukhona obukhulu bezinhlelo ezikhona. ngeminyaka yawo-1990 (lapho umjikelezo we-NEDC wamukelwa) ayizange yenziwe intando yeningi – bheka incazelo ye-OICA lapha.Isiteringi samandla kagesi, isifudumezi-moya, amasistimu omsindo, ama-GPS, ama-radar, njll. zonke izinhlelo “ezintshontsha” ukusebenza kahle kwezinjini ezivuthayo futhi zenze ukusetshenziswa kukhuphuke. Lezi zinhlelo azizange zicatshangelwe lapho kumiswa lo mjikelezo wokugunyaza iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20.
Sola umjikelezo weNEDC
Ngokwalolu cwaningo, amabhrendi aya ngokuya exhaphaza izikhala kumjikelezo wokugunyazwa kwe-NEDC. Ngo-2001, isilinganiso sokungafani phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwangempela kanye nokusetshenziswa okugunyaziwe kwakungama-9% kuphela, kusukela ngo-2012 kuya ku-2015, lesi silinganiso sikhuphuke sisuka ku-28% saya ku-42%.
Isilinganiso salolu cwaningo ukuthi ngo-2020 umehluko wemakethe ojwayelekile uzoba ngu-50%. Nakuba ngokuqala ukusebenza komjikelezo wokugunyaza we-WLTP (Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Procedures) - lapho ingxenye yokuhlolwa yenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela - lesi sibalo singehla siye ku-23%.
qedela ukufunda lapha
Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, eqinisweni, akekho ophumelelayo ngalokhu kungafani. Hhayi amabhrendi, akuzona izifundazwe, futhi nabathengi abancane. Amazwe Angamalungu e-EU aze alulekwa yiKhomishana YaseYurophu ukuthi ibuyekeze izintela zazo zehle ukuze, lapho umjikelezo wokugunyaza we-WLTP uqala ukusebenza, kungabikho ukukhushulwa kwentela.
Iqiniso liwukuthi, akekho obukeka emuhle ekuthwebuleni izithombe. Amandla ezepolitiki (Amazwe Angamalungu, i-EU, njll.) nabakhi, ngokusebenzisa izinhlangano zabo (i-ACEA, i-OICA, njll.) kuze kube manje benze okuncane kakhulu ukuze bahlehlise lesi simo. Umjikelezo we-WLTP uthatha isikhathi eside ukuthi uqale ukusebenza, futhi umjikelezo we-RDE awufiki kuze kube u-2025.
Amabhrendi anokwehluka okukhulu nokuncane kakhulu
Phakathi kwemikhiqizo ecatshangelwe kulolu cwaningo, okuhle kakhulu (okunomehluko omncane omaphakathi) yi-Fiat, enokwehluka “kuphela” okungama-35%. Okubi kakhulu, ngokwesilinganiso esikhulu, iMercedes-Benz, enomehluko ophakathi kwama-54%.
