Ngehlobo lika-2018 i-European Commission (EC) ithole ubufakazi (futhi) be ukuphatha ukuhlolwa kokukhishwa kwe-CO2 . Kodwa esikhundleni salokhu kukhohlisa okuholela ekukhishweni okusemthethweni kwe-CO2, i-EC ithole ukuthi lokhu kukhohlisa kuholele ekukhishweni okuphezulu kwe-CO2.
Udidekile? Kulula ukukuqonda. Ukwethulwa kwe- I-WLTP , umjikelezo wamanje wokuhlola ukubala kokuphumayo, futhi usebenza njengesiqalo sokubala okuhlosiwe kokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 esikhathini esizayo embonini yezimoto yaseYurophu.
Ekupheleni konyaka odlule, lezi zinhloso zidaluliwe futhi zizimisele. Abakhi kuzodingeka behlise ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngo-37.5% ngo-2030 , ngokubhekiselwa ku-95 g/km okuyisibopho ngo-2021 (bona ibhokisi), okuhloswe ngakho okumaphakathi ngo-2025 ngevelu yokunciphisa engu-15%.
Ngakho-ke, ngokwethula amanani aphakeme ngokuzenzisa kuze kube ngu-2021, kungenza okuhlosiwe kuka-2025 kube lula ukuhlangabezana. Okunye ukungqubuzana kuzoba ukukhombisa ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso ezifunwayo ezibekwe yi-EC, ukunikeza abakhi amandla ezingxoxo engeziwe ukuze banqume imikhawulo yesikhathi esizayo yokunciphisa ukungcola, okungaba lula ukuyifinyelela.
Ithagethi: 95 g/km CO2 ka-2021
Ivelu ekhishwayo emaphakathi eshiwo ngu-95 g/km, kodwa iqembu/umakhi ngamunye unamazinga ahlukene okufanele ahlangabezane nawo. Konke kumayelana nendlela ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okubalwa ngayo. Lokhu kuncike esilinganisweni semoto, ngakho-ke izimoto ezisindayo zinemikhawulo ephezulu yokukhipha umoya kunezimoto ezilula. Njengoba kulawulwa isilinganiso semikhumbi kuphela, umkhiqizi angakhiqiza izimoto ezikhipha umoya ongaphezu kwevelu yomkhawulo obekiwe, njengoba zizolinganiswa ngabanye abangaphansi kwalo mkhawulo. Isibonelo nje, iJaguar Land Rover, namaSUV ayo amaningi, kufanele ifinyelele ku-132 g/km, kanti iFCA, nezimoto zayo ezincane, kuzofanele ifinyelele ku-91.1 g/km.
Zisingathwa kanjani izivivinyo?
Okulula njengokuphendukela ezindleleni zokushayela ezivame ukwanda ezimotweni zanamuhla — Kwimodi Yezemidlalo imoto izosebenzisa imali engaphezu kwemodi ye-Eco. Amanye amaqhinga ahilela ukucisha isitobhi sokuqala, noma, njengoba kubonakala kwembalwa Kulezi zimo, yenza ukuhlolwa kwesitifiketi ngebhethri cishe kungenalutho, okwenza injini isebenze kanzima ukuyishaja kabusha.Kuzwakala njengokuncane, kodwa kwanele ukuthi ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 kukhuphuke ngamagremu ambalwa ayigugu.
Ngokolwazi olukhishwe i-Financial Times ngonyaka odlule, izindaba ezibikiwe zaziphakeme ngo-4.5% ngokwesilinganiso kunalezo eziqinisekiswe ezivivinyweni ezizimele ze-WLTP, kodwa kwezinye izimo zaziphakeme ngo-13%.
qeda izikhala
Ukuze kuqedwe ukukhohlisa kokuhlola unomphela, i-EC yaqinisa imithetho mayelana nezinqubo zokuhlola. Abakhiqizi manje bayaphoqeleka ukuthi baxhumanise bonke ubuchwepheshe obusiza ukonga uphethiloli - ukuqala-stop, phakathi kokunye - nokusebenzisa imodi yokushayela efanayo, njalo engabizi kakhulu, uma imoto ehlolwayo inayo.
I-ACEA, inhlangano yabakhiqizi bezimoto baseYurophu, isivele inikeze izinzuzo zayo ekuqiniseni imithethonqubo; kanye neTransport and Environment (T&E), okuyiqembu labacindezeli, baxwayise ngokuthi abakhi kungase kudingeke baphinde bahlole amanye amamodeli:
UJulia Poliscanova, umphathi wezimoto ezihlanzekile kanye ne-e-mobility, T&EUma abakhiqizi befuna ukuzithengisa ngo-2020, lapho amanani ezinto ezihlosiwe ze-CO2 zika-2025 zikalwa, kuzodingeka babonise kwabasemagunyeni abagunyazayo ukuthi bayahlangabezana nezidingo ezintsha, noma kuzodingeka baphinde bagunyaze.
I-T&E iphinde ixwayise ohulumeni abahlukahlukene eYurophu ukuthi bayeke ukusebenzisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ukubala amazinga entela ezimoto ezihlolwe ngaphambi kukaFebhuwari walo nyaka, njengoba "idatha iphakamisa ukuthi amanani e-WLTP awazinzile".
Umthombo: Izindaba Zezimoto.