Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kuningi okushintshile embonini yezimoto, futhi ukukhanyisa akuzange kuvikelwe kulokhu kuguqulwa. Amalambu e-halogen, abevamise ukuhlomisa iningi lamamodeli amasha ashiye ifekthri, avuleke ithuba lezixazululo ezithuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe nezisebenza kahle, njenge-xenon, i-LED noma izibani ze-laser. Nokho, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezine zokukhanyisa. Ake siqale ekuqaleni.
i-halogen
Uma njengamanje ubuka ngefasitela bese ukhetha imoto noma nini, kusengenzeka ukuthi ifakwe amalambu e-halogen. Eqinisweni, lesi sixazululo sisukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule futhi siqhubeke kuze kube namuhla.
Ngokufanayo namalambu okukhanya asendlini, lawa amalambu okukhanyisa aqukethe i-tungsten filament ngaphakathi kwebhamuza legesi (halogen). Ngawo-90's, ukumbozwa kwamalambu aqala ukwenziwa nge-polycarbonate - naphezu kokuthambekela kwawo ekubeni buthuntu kanye/noma kube phuzi, le nto ilula futhi imelana kakhulu kunengilazi futhi ivumela ukuqondisa kabusha ukukhanya ngokusebenzisa izibonisi.
Nakuba kungesona isixazululo esisebenza kahle kakhulu namuhla, akulona iphutha ukuthi izibani ze-halogen zihlale isikhathi eside kangaka - ngaphezu kokuthi ziyisixazululo esishibhile futhi kulula ukuzinakekela/ukushintsha, ziphila amahora angama-500 kuye kwayi-1000. Ububi obuyinhloko ukulahlekelwa amandla, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sokushisa.
I-Xenon
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezibani ze-halogen, ukukhanya kwe-xenon kuhlukaniswa ngokukhiqiza ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokunamandla, okuwumphumela wokushisa ingxube yamagesi, amanye awo akhona ngisho nasemkhathini ngamanani amancane.
Ikhishwe okokuqala yi-BMW 7 Series ngo-1991, lolu hlobo lokukhanyisa kwe-xenon lwaba lwentando yeningi embonini yezimoto ekuqaleni kwaleli khulunyaka, lwasuka ekubeni inketho lwaya ezintweni ezijwayelekile kumamodeli amasha okukhiqiza. Ngaphezu kokuthatha isikhathi eside (kufika emahoreni angu-2000) nokonga amandla, ukukhanyisa kwe-xenon nakho kubiza kakhulu.
I-LED
Isifinyezo se-Light Emitting Diode, izibani ze-LED ziwuhlobo lokukhanyisa oludume kakhulu kulezi zinsuku - hhayi nje embonini yezimoto. Ngenxa yezizathu ezimbili eziyinhloko: amandla aphezulu kanye nobukhulu obuncane.
Ngenxa yokuthi zingama-semiconductor diode amancane akhipha ukukhanya lapho kusetshenziswa i-voltage kagesi, izibani ze-LED zilawuleka ngokwedlulele. Ungawasebenzisa kumalambu angaphambili, amabhuleki, amasignali ajikayo, amalambu enkungu nanoma iyiphi enye ingxenye yemoto; kungenzeka ukushintsha umbala noma umklamo wayo; kungenzeka futhi ukukhanyisa izindawo ngazinye ngendlela ehlukene, ukuze ungakhanyi ithrafikhi ezayo, isibonelo. Noma kunjalo… iphupho lanoma yimuphi umnyango wokuklama.
Ekuqaleni okukhethekile kumamodeli okunethezeka, ambalwa amamodeli amanje anganikezi ukukhanya kwe-LED njengendlela yokukhetha - ngisho nasesigabeni B. Kodwa akuzona zonke izinto eziphelele: ukungalungi okuyinhloko okuvezwe izibani ze-LED kuyinani kanye neqiniso lokuthi bangakwazi. khiqiza ukushisa okungadingekile ezingxenyeni eziseduze.
I-Laser
Iphupho lanoma yimuphi umlandeli wesaga se-Star Wars: ukuba nemoto enamalambu e-laser. Ngenhlanhla, imishayo ye-laser ayisetshenziswa lapha ukucekela phansi ama-stormtrooper noma izimoto ezingaphambili, kodwa kunalokho ukuthola ukushuba nohlu lokukhanya oludlula kude amalambu okukhanya endabuko. Futhi kule "mpi yezibani", kwakuyi-Audi eyanqoba.
I-BMW yaba ngeyokuqala ukumemezela lesi sixazululo kumodeli yokukhiqiza, kulokhu i-BMW i8, kodwa i-Audi yalindela uhlobo lwaseBavaria ngokwenza lobu buchwepheshe butholakale ku-R8 LMX, yokukhiqiza okulinganiselwe.
Lobu buchwepheshe buvela emishayweni ye-laser eqondiswe kusethi yezibuko, enesibopho sokuhlehlisa isiqondiso sokukhanya nokuyithumela ngefu legesi ye-phosphorescent ephuzi. Umphumela: ukukhanya okumhlophe okunamandla kakhulu (ku-BMW i8 kungakhanyisa ibanga elingamamitha angu-600, ngokusho komkhiqizo), ngokulinganayo okusebenzayo futhi okunciphisa amehlo.
Ububi obukhulu… intengo. Kuyinketho engafinyelela ku-10.000 euros.