Ukujonga ngokukhawuleza kodwa ngokucokisekileyo kwiimodeli ezimbini zokufumana ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ziingcali - UKUQESHA kwaye UKUQESHA . Ukususela kwiimpawu zabo, ukuya kwiingenelo ngamnye anazo.
UKUQESHA
Yintoni?
Imodeli yezeMali kwizithuthi ezitsha okanye ezisetyenzisiweyo (ezinexabiso le-VAT, kwimeko yezithuthi ezisetyenzisiweyo) ngexesha elithile, elidla ngokuba phakathi kweenyanga ezili-12 nezingama-96. Ayibandakanyi iinkonzo, imali yemoto kuphela.Yenzelwe bani?
Iinkampani, uLawulo loLuntu, i-ENI kunye nabantu ngabanye. Icetywe ngamaqumrhu emali okanye uhlobo lwemoto olusebenza egameni labo.
Ingaba ibiza malini?
Intlawulo yezavenge zenyanga ezinenzala emiselweyo okanye eguquguqukayo (i-spread plus indexing).Sibalwa njani isavenge?
Isavenge sibalwa ngokusekelwe kwindleko yokufunyanwa kwesithuthi, ixesha lekontraka, irenti yokuqala kunye nexabiso elishiyekileyo ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi. Ixabiso elishiyekileyo, elinokuthi liguqulelwe kwisitolimende sokugqibela sekhontrakthi (eshiya umthengi ukhetho lokugcina isithuthi okanye ukusibuyisela), kuxhomekeke kwisixa sentlawulo yenyanga.
Uchazwa yintoni?
Ithathwa njengentengo yesithuthi. Iqinisekiswa ngokukhululwa kunye nogcino lobunini. Umthengi unokuthenga isithuthi ekupheleni kwexesha lekhontrakthi, ngentlawulo yexabiso elishiyekileyo.Bhalisa kwincwadana yethu
Yintoni enye equkayo?
Inzala ephantsi xa ithelekiswa nezinye iimodeli zenkxaso-mali zisebenzisa ikhredithi, kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu ngokwemigaqo kunye nentlawulo ephantsi.
Zeziphi ezona mfuno zixhaphakileyo?
Nangona imveliso ibandakanya kuphela imali yemoto, umthengi unyanzelekile, eyedwa, ukwenza lonke ugcino olucetyiswa ngumvelisi , kwi-brand okanye kwi-workshop egunyazisiweyo, ukuba nje iwaranti enikezelwa yi-brand igcinwa isebenza.Umthengi kufuneka ahlawule i-IUC kwaye aphumeze kwangexesha uhlolo olunyanzelekileyo lwesithuthi. Umthengi kufuneka abe ne-inshurensi yomonakalo kunye namalungelo agciniweyo, phantsi kweemeko ezifunwa yikhontrakthi.
Ngaba ndinokwandisa ixesha lekhontrakthi?
Ewe, ukuba nje ingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezingama-96.
Ngaba ndingasiphelisa isivumelwano kwaye ndigcine isithuthi phambi komhla wokugqibela?
Ukuqeshisa luhlobo lwenkxaso-mali, apho kunokwenzeka ukulindela intlawulo epheleleyo yesixa-mali, ngokwemiqathango yekhontrakthi.Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kufuneka ndibuyise isithuthi phambi kokuphela kwexesha endisinikiweyo?
Ilahleko yesithuthi, yeemali ezihlawulweyo kunye nentlawulo enokwenzeka yezohlwayo ngenxa yokungathotyelwa kwamagatya ekhontrakthi.
Ngubani onoxanduva ngesithuthi?
IKontraka inoxanduva lodwa lokusebenzisa kunye nokugcinwa kwesithuthi ngexesha lekhontrakthi yangaphambili.Ngaba ndingasithengisa isithuthi okanye nditshintshe isivumelwano sokuqeshisa?
Umthengi ungumnini-ndawonye wesithuthi kude kube sekupheleni kwekhontrakthi, ngoko ukuthengiswa kunokwenzeka. Ukuba ukhethe ukuyifumana, uya kufumana kamva amaxwebhu okuqhuba ugqithiselo lobunini.
UKUQESHA
Yintoni?
Yikhontrakthi yokurenta imoto kangangexesha eliziinyanga ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-72 kunye/okanye emiselwe kwangaphambili, imigama eguquguqukayo. Ngokungaguquguqukiyo ibandakanya iinkonzo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa. Ngeso sizathu, inokuphinda kuthiwe yi-Operational Vehicle Lease (AOV).Ijolise kubani kwaye ibonelela ngenkonzo?
Yenzelwe iinkampani, ENI, Public Administration okanye abantu. Icetywe ngabaPhathi beeFlethi okanye iinkampani zemoto ezisebenza egameni labo.
Ifuna ntoni?
Ibandakanya intlawulo yerenti yenyanga ebalwa ngokohlobo lwesithuthi, ixesha lekhontrakthi kunye neenkonzo ezibandakanyiweyo. Akukho ntlawulo yokuqala efunekayo, kodwa kukho unikezelo oluqwalasela isixa-mali ngeenjongo zesaphulelo somvuzo wenyanga.Ubalwa njani umvuzo?
Ukubalwa kwerenti kuthathela ingqalelo ixabiso lesithuthi esitsha, ixabiso eliqikelelwayo ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi kunye neendleko zeenkonzo ezibandakanyiweyo kwikhontrakthi, kubandakanywa nezo zokubeka esweni ikhontrakthi nguMphathi weFleet.
Uzichaza njani wena?
kuqwalaselwa a INKONZO , ngokuqhelekileyo ayifuni ziqinisekiso zebhanki. Isithuthi yeyenkampani ebonelela ngenkxaso-mali ye-AOV kwaye kufuneka ibuyiswe ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi. Nangona kunjalo, ngakumbi kubathengi babucala engqondweni, inkampani yolawulo lwezithuthi - eyaziwa ngokuba yinkampani eqashisayo - inokuphakamisa umthengi ukuthengwa kwayo, ngokuhambelana nexabiso lemarike ekupheleni kwekhontrakthi.Ibandakanya ntoni ngaphandle kwesithuthi?
Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo ezipheleleyo ezifuna ikhontrakthi edibeneyo yesithuthi kunye neenkonzo, umthengi unokongeza iinkonzo ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwemoto. Ingakumbi ulondolozo, i-inshurensi, uncedo lokuhamba, ukuhlawulwa kwerhafu, amatayara, imoto yokutshintsha...
Zeziphi ezona mfuno zixhaphakileyo?
Umthengi kufuneka enze lonke ugcino olucetyiswe ngumenzi, kwi-brand okanye kwiworkshop egunyazisiweyo, njengoko kuvunyelwene. Umthengi kufuneka ahlawule i-IUC, aqhube ukuhlolwa kwexesha elifunekayo kwisithuthi kwaye aqinisekise i-inshurensi yesithuthi phantsi kweemeko ezifunekayo kwikhontrakthi, ukuba oku kungabandakanywa.
Ukuba ndinamavili angenamkhawulo ndingatshintsha nanini na xa ndifuna?
Hayi. Ngaphandle kweemeko ezingaqhelekanga nezifuna ugunyaziso lwangaphambili (isiphene setayara okanye umonakalo owenziwe ngokuzenzekela), ukutshintshwa kwamatayara kwenzeka xa efikelela kubungakanani obuncinane obufunwa ngumthetho okanye obunye ekuvunyelenwe ngabo kwangaphambili, kwiindawo ezichazwe yinkampani erentayo.Ngubani ohlawula izohlwayo?
Umthengi okanye umqhubi ochongiweyo wesithuthi unoxanduva lokuhlawulela zonke izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezenziweyo, ezifana nezohlwayo zendlela okanye ukungahlawuli. Isaziso solwaphulo-mthetho/sokupheliswa sithunyelwa yinkampani erentayo.
Kuthetha ukuthini konke oku?
Umthengi unoxanduva lokusetyenziswa kunye nokugcinwa kwesithuthi, ethembisa ukuyibuyisela phantsi kweemeko ezichazwe kwikhontrakthi.Kwenzeka ntoni xa isivumelwano sifikelela esiphelweni?
Umthengi kufuneka abuyisele isithuthi kwindawo ebonisiweyo. Emva kokuhanjiswa, isithuthi sihlolwe ngumbutho ozimeleyo, omisela ixabiso lomonakalo (i-dents okanye i-scratches kumzimba womzimba, iindawo eziphukileyo, i-upholstery engcolileyo okanye eyonakalisiweyo, umonakalo owenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kakubi kwesithuthi, njl.).
Ukuba kukho umonakalo kwisithuthi, kwenzeka ntoni?
Yonke imonakalo engabangelwa kukuguga kwendalo kunye nokukrazula okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa ngokuqaphela kwesithuthi kuhlawuliswa kumthengi ekupheleni kwesivumelwano.Ndingayiphepha le nto?
Ekuqaleni kwekhontrakthi, umthengi unokukhetha i-inshurensi ebizwa ngokuba yi-inshurensi yokulungiswa kwemoto, ehlanganisa intlawulo yomonakalo ukuya kwisixa esithile. Ukuba ugqithise kwesi sixa, hlawula intsalela.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba udlula okanye awulisebenzisi inani leekhilomitha?
Kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezimiselweyo. Njengomthetho, kuthetha ukunyuka ngekhilomitha ngekhilomitha egqithileyo okanye imbuyekezo ngekhilomitha nganye ekhutshiweyo. Kunokubakho iimeko apho kunenzuzo ngakumbi ukubuyisela isithuthi ngaphambi kokuphela kwekhontrakthi.Ngaba ndinokwandisa ixesha lekhontrakthi?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimbophelelo zekhontrakthi yokuqala, umqeshisi unokuvumela ukuba isivumelwano sandiswe. Ngokuqhelekileyo, le meko ibandakanya ukusetha kwakhona iimeko.
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba kufuneka ndibuyise isithuthi phambi kokuphela kwexesha endisinikiweyo?
Kuxhomekeke kwiimeko ezimiselweyo. Kudla ngokubakho isohlwayo esinxulumene nokungathotyelwa kwamagatya ekhontrakthi.Ngaba ndingasithengisa isithuthi okanye nditshintshe isivumelwano sokurenta?
Akunakwenzeka ukulahla isithuthi, njengoko umthengi engeyena umnini. Ukudluliselwa kwelungelo lokurenta kunokwenziwa ngesivumelwano samaqela abandakanyekayo. Nakuphi na ukutshintshela ukusebenzisa isithuthi kubantu besithathu, ngaphaya kwemida yekhontrakthi, kunokukhokelela ekucinyweni kwayo.
UKUQESHA KUNYE UKUQESHA
Kwiinkampani, kukwakho uthelekiso olukhawulezayo phakathi kweempawu kunye noncedo lwemodeli yokuRenta nokuRenta.
| UKUQESHA | UKUQESHA | |
|---|---|---|
| Ukutsalwa kweVAT | Ayikuvumeli ukutsalwa kweemoto zabakhweli | Ayikuvumeli ukutsalwa kweemoto zabakhweli |
| Ukutsalwa kwe-VAT kwisithuthi sorhwebo, i-plug-in hybrid okanye i-100% yombane? | IKhowudi ye-VAT ivumela iinkampani ukuba zitsale i-50% ye-VAT kwiintengiso kunye ne-100% kwezinye | IKhowudi ye-VAT ivumela iinkampani ukuba zitsale i-50% ye-VAT kwirenti yorhwebo kunye ne-100% kwezinye iirenti. |
| Irhafu eZimeleyo (TA) | Ireyithi ye-TA isetwa ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lokufunyanwa kwesithuthi okanye ixabiso lezorhwebo lekhontrakthi (ixabiso lokufumana - ixabiso elishiyekileyo). Izithuthi zorhwebo azikho phantsi kwe-TA | Ireyithi ye-TA ibalwa ngokusekelwe kwixabiso lokuthenga isithuthi esasisetyenziselwa ukubala irenti. Zonke iindleko ezenziwe ngesithuthi, kubandakanywa neenkonzo zekhontrakthi, zixhomekeke kwizinga elifanayo le-TA |
| I-TA ye-100% yezithuthi zombane kunye ne-hybrid Plug-in | Abangaphambili baxolelwe kwi-TA. Kwii-Plug-in hybrids, izinga liyancipha ukuya kwi-5%, i-10% kunye ne-17.5%. Ngemida ye-62,500 ye-euro kunye ne-50 lamawaka eeuro ekuthengeni isithuthi, ngaphandle kwe-VAT, ngokulandelanayo. | |
| Ngaba kukho ingxelo yokuhla kwexabiso le-asethi? | Isithuthi sibhaliswe kwii-asethi zenkampani, kunye nokuhla kwexabiso le-asethi | Hayi. Iindleko zibizwa phantsi kwe-"External Supplies and Services" |
| Lithini ifuthe lobalo-mali? | Isithuthi sifakwe kwi-balance sheet yenkampani, ngaloo ndlela iyinxalenye yempahla yayo. Ke ngoko, ichaphazela i-solvency ratios yenkampani kwaye inciphisa umthamo wamatyala | Njengoko oku ingeyonkxaso-mali yebhanki, umda wemali kunye nokukwazi ukubhenela kwiibhanki zigciniwe. Iinkampani ezinonyango lwe-IFRS kufuneka ziluthathele ingqalelo kwiPhepha loMncono uxanduva lwerenti ekungenwe kuyo ngezithuthi eziphantsi koxanduva lwazo. |
Qhagamshelana neFleet Magazine ukuze ufumane amanqaku angakumbi kwimarike yeemoto.