Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Septhemba 2017, ukuhlolwa okusha kwezitifiketi zokusetshenziswa nokukhipha umoya bekusebenza ukuze kwethulwe zonke izimoto ezintsha. I-WLTP (Harmonized Global Testing Procedure for Light Vehicles) ingena esikhundleni se-NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) futhi lokho kusho ukuthini lokhu, ngamafuphi, umjikelezo wokuhlola oqine kakhulu ozoletha izibalo ezisemthethweni zokusetshenziswa nezikhishwayo eduze kwalezo eziqinisekisiwe ezimeni zangempela. .
Kodwa ukuqinisekiswa kokusetshenziswa nokukhishwa kwegesi ngeke kugcine lapho. Futhi kusukela ngalolu suku, umjikelezo wokuhlola we-RDE uzojoyina i-WLTP futhi uzothatha isinqumo sokuqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa kokugcina nokukhipha amanani ezimoto.
I-RDE? Kusho ukuthini?
I-RDE noma i-Real Driving Emissions, ngokungafani nokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri okufana ne-WLTP, kuwukuhlola okwenziwa ezimweni zangempela zokushayela. Izohambisana ne-WLTP, hhayi esikhundleni sayo.Umgomo we-RDE uwukuqinisekisa imiphumela ezuzwe elabhorethri, ukulinganisa izinga lokungcola ezimweni zangempela zokushayela.
Hlobo luni lokuhlola olwenziwayo?
Izimoto zizohlolwa emigwaqweni yomphakathi, ezimeni ezihluke kakhulu futhi zizoba nesikhathi semizuzu engama-90 kuye kwengama-120:
- emazingeni okushisa aphansi naphezulu
- ukuphakama okuphansi nokuphezulu
- ngesivinini esiphansi (sedolobha), esimaphakathi (emgwaqeni) kanye nesivinini esikhulu (somgwaqo omkhulu).
- phezulu naphansi
- ngomthwalo
Ukukala kanjani ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni?
Uma ihlolwa, kuzofakwa iPortable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) ezimotweni, yona ikuvumela ukuthi ulinganise ngesikhathi sangempela ukungcola okuphuma ekukhipheni , njengama-nitrogen oxides (NOx).I-PEMS izingcezu zemishini eyinkimbinkimbi ehlanganisa abahlaziyi begesi abasezingeni eliphezulu, amamitha okugeleza kwegesi ephumayo, isiteshi sezulu, i-GPS kanye nokuxhunywa kumasistimu kagesi emoto. Lolu hlobo lwemishini luveza, nokho, ukungafani. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-PEMS ayikwazi ukuphindaphinda ngezinga elifanayo lezilinganiso zokunemba ezitholwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo zokuhlolwa kwaselabhorethri.
Bhalisela iphephandaba lethu
Ngeke futhi ibe khona into eyodwa ye-PEMS evamile kubo bonke - ingase ivele kubahlinzeki abahlukahlukene - engabambi iqhaza ekutholeni imiphumela enembile. Ingasaphathwa eyokuthi izilinganiso zakho zithintwa izimo ze-ambient nokubekezelelwa kwezinzwa ezahlukene.
Ngakho-ke ungayiqinisekisa kanjani imiphumela etholwe ku-RDE?
Kwakungenxa yalokhu kungafani, noma kuncane kangakanani, ehlanganiswe emiphumeleni yokuhlolwa umkhawulo wephutha ongu-0.5 . Ngaphezu kwalokho, a isici sokuthobela , noma ngamanye amazwi, imikhawulo engeke yeqiwe ngaphansi kwezimo zangempela.
Okushiwo lokhu ukuthi imoto ingase ibe namazinga aphezulu okungcola kunalawo atholakala elabhorethri ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-RDE.
Kulesi sigaba sokuqala, isici sokuthobelana sokukhishwa kwe-NOx kuzoba ngu-2.1 (okungukuthi ingase ikhiphe izikhathi ezingu-2.1 ngaphezu kwevelu esemthethweni), kodwa izoncishiswa kancane kancane ibe isici esingu-1 (kanye no-0.5 umkhawulo wephutha) ngo-2020. ngamanye amazwi, ngaleso sikhathi umkhawulo ka-80 mg/km we-NOx oshiwo yi-Euro 6 kuyodingeka ufinyelelwe nasezivivinyweni ze-RDE hhayi nje ezivivinyweni ze-WLTP.
Futhi lokhu kuphoqa abakhi ukuthi bazuze ngempumelelo amanani angaphansi kwemikhawulo ebekiwe. Isizathu sisebungozini obuhambisana nomkhawulo wephutha le-PEMS, njengoba ungase ube phezulu kunalokho obekulindelwe ngenxa yemibandela ethile ngosuku imodeli ethile ehlolwa ngayo.
Ezinye izici zokuthobela eziphathelene nokunye ukungcola zizongezwa kamuva, futhi umkhawulo wephutha ungase ubuyekezwe.
Izoyithinta kanjani imoto yami entsha?
Ukuqala ukusebenza kwezivivinyo ezintsha kuthinta, okwamanje, izimoto eziqaliswe ngemuva kwalolu suku. Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Septhemba 2019 kuphela lapho zonke izimoto ezidayisiwe kufanele zigunyazwe ngokuvumelana ne-WLTP ne-RDE.
Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okukhulu, sizobona ngokuphumelelayo ukwehla kwangempela kokukhishwa kwe-NOx nokunye ukungcola hhayi ephepheni kuphela. Kusho futhi izinjini ezizoba nezinhlelo zokwelashwa kwegesi eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezibizayo. Endabeni ye-Diesels akufanele kube nzima ukubalekela ukwamukelwa kwe-SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) nasezimotweni zikaphethiloli sizobona ukwamukelwa okubanzi kwezihlungi ze-particle.
Njengoba lezi zivivinyo zisikisela ukwenyuka okujwayelekile kokusetshenziswa okusemthethweni kanye namanani akhishwayo, okuhlanganisa i-CO2, uma kungashintshi lutho kuSabelomali Sombuso esilandelayo, amamodeli amaningi azokwazi ukukhuphuka inotshi eyodwa noma amabili, akhokhe i-ISV ne-IUC eyengeziwe.