Muri moteri yaka, kuzigama lisansi no gutunganya gaze ntago byashoboka hatabayeho probe ya lambda. Turabikesha ibyo byuma bifata ibyuma, moteri ihumanya iragabanuka cyane kimwe no gukoresha neza.
Probe ya lambda, izwi kandi nka sensor ya ogisijeni, ifite umurimo wo gupima itandukaniro riri hagati ya ogisijeni ya gaze ya gaze na ogisijeni mu bidukikije.
Iyi sensor ikesha izina ryayo inyuguti λ . Iyo agaciro kari munsi yimwe ( λ) bivuze ko ubwinshi bwumwuka butari bwiza, bityo imvange ikungahaye. Iyo ibinyuranye bibaye ( λ> 1 ), kubera kugira umwuka mwinshi, imvange bivugwa ko ikennye.
Ikigereranyo cyiza cyangwa stoichiometric, ukoresheje moteri ya lisansi nkurugero, bigomba kuba ibice 14.7 byumwuka kuri lisansi imwe. Ariko, iri gereranya ntabwo buri gihe rihoraho. Hariho impinduka zigira ingaruka kuri ubu busabane, uhereye kubidukikije - ubushyuhe, umuvuduko cyangwa ubushuhe - kugeza kumikorere yikinyabiziga ubwacyo - rpm, ubushyuhe bwa moteri, guhinduka mumbaraga zisabwa.
Lambda probe, imenyesha imiyoborere ya elegitoronike itandukaniro ryibintu bya ogisijeni mu myuka isohoka ndetse no hanze yacyo, bituma ihindura urugero rwa lisansi yatewe mu cyumba cyaka.
Ikigamijwe ni ukugera ku bwumvikane hagati yimbaraga, ubukungu bwa lisansi n’ibyuka bihumanya, kuzana imvange hafi ishoboka muburyo bwa stoichiometric. Muri make, kubona moteri ikora neza bishoboka.
Bikora gute?
Isuzuma rya lambda rikora neza mubushyuhe bwo hejuru - byibuze 300 ° C - ryemeje ko ahantu heza hegereye moteri, kuruhande rwimyuka myinshi. Uyu munsi, probe ya lambda irashobora kuboneka kuruhande rwa catalitike ihindura, kuko ifite resistance ituma bashyuha batitaye kubushyuhe bwa gaze.
Kugeza ubu, moteri irashobora kugira probe ebyiri cyangwa nyinshi. Nkurugero, hari moderi zikoresha lambda probe iri mbere na nyuma ya catalizator, kugirango bapime imikorere yiki gice.
Probe ya lambda igizwe na dioxyde de zirconium, ibikoresho bya ceramic iyo igeze kuri 300 ºC iba umuyobozi wa ogisijeni. Muri ubu buryo, iperereza rishobora kumenya hakoreshejwe imbaraga za voltage (zapimwe muri mV cyangwa milivolts) ingano ya ogisijeni iboneka muri gaze.
Umuvuduko ugera kuri mV 500 werekana kuvanga ibinure, hejuru yuko byerekana imvange ikungahaye. Nicyo kimenyetso cyamashanyarazi cyoherejwe murwego rwo kugenzura moteri, kandi gikora ibikenewe kugirango ubwinshi bwa lisansi yatewe muri moteri.
Hariho ubundi bwoko bwa lambda probe, isimbuza dioxyde ya zirconium na titanium oxyde ishingiye kuri semiconductor. Ibi ntibikeneye kwerekanwa kubintu bya ogisijeni biva hanze, kuko bishobora guhindura amashanyarazi bitewe nubunini bwa ogisijeni. Ugereranije na sensor ya zirconium, sensor ya titanium oxyde ifite igihe gito cyo gusubiza, ariko kurundi ruhande, irumva neza kandi ifite igiciro cyinshi.
Bosch ni yo yateje imbere lambda mu mpera za 1960 iyobowe na Dr. Günter Bauman. Iri koranabuhanga ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere ku modoka ikora mu 1976, muri Volvo 240 na 260.
Amakosa nibindi byinshi.
Muri iki gihe, probe ya lambda ntabwo ifite izina ryiza, nubwo ikenewe idashidikanywaho. Gusimburwa kwayo, akenshi bitari ngombwa, biva kode yamakosa yatanzwe nubuyobozi bwa elegitoroniki.
Izi sensororo zirwanya cyane uko zigaragara, kuburyo, niyo, iyo code yamakosa ifitanye isano nayo igaragara, zishobora guturuka kukindi kibazo mubuyobozi bwa moteri, kigaragaza imikorere ya sensor. Mu rwego rwo kwirinda no kuburira imikorere mibi yimodoka, imicungire ya moteri ya elegitoronike itanga ikosa rya sensor.
Mugihe cyo kungurana ibitekerezo, burigihe nibyiza guhitamo ibice byumwimerere cyangwa byemewe. Akamaro kiki gice ningirakamaro kumikorere myiza nubuzima bwa moteri.