Toyota ikufuna kubweza malo omwe adatayika pampikisano wake ku Europe. C-HR yatsopano inali chizindikiro choyamba, chachiwiri ndi injini yatsopanoyi ya 1.5 lita yodzaza ndi zodabwitsa zaukadaulo.
Sitingathe kuyambitsa mawuwa mwanjira ina: Mazda anali olondola (m’zilembo zolimba kuti palibe chikaiko). Sititopa ndi kubwereza izi chifukwa pamene opanga ena onse (onse!) anali kusunthira kukukwera kwakukulu ndi kuchepa kwa injini zosamuka, Mazda anachita zosiyana ndendende, akutsutsa kuti injini zazing'ono sizinapindule bwino pochepetsa mphamvu ya injini. kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. Aliyense (atolankhani apadera adaphatikizidwa) anali munyimboyo - kupatula zina zolemekezeka.Lero tikudziwa kuti iyi si njira yoyenera. Toyota ndi imodzi mwa opanga oyamba kubwerera kumbuyo kuchokera ku vertigo yomwe inali kutsika kwa injini, ndipo tsopano ikudziwonetsera yokha ndi chipika chatsopano chodzaza ndi luso lamakono. Tiyeni tifike mwatsatanetsatane? Mawuwo ndi aatali komanso otopetsa, pali chenjezo (yemwe amafika kumapeto amakhala ndi chodabwitsa ...).
ziwerengero zazikulu
Yopangidwa kale motsatira miyezo yamtsogolo ya Euro 6c zachilengedwe ndi zofunikira zovomerezeka za RDE (Real Driving Emission), injini iyi ndi membala wa banja la injini ya Toyota ya ESTEC (Superior Thermal Efficiency) ya Toyota. Izi zikutanthauza kuti injini iyi imapindula kale ndi teknoloji yochuluka (yomwe tifotokoza m'munsimu) yomwe imapereka, malinga ndi mtunduwo, "kuchita bwino komanso kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, panthawi imodzimodziyo kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa mpaka 12 peresenti mu kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta. , molingana ndi mayeso ovomerezeka a NEDC ".
"(...) zomwe Toyota idachita zinali zovuta kwambiri: idatenga ndalama kuchokera kumayendedwe apamwamba a injini za Mazda ndikuwonjezera zinthu zonse. kudziwa kachitidwe kuti ali ndi chitukuko cha injini mafuta "
Malinga ndi mtundu Japanese, kuyerekeza latsopano 1.5 lita injini zinayi yamphamvu ndi injini panopa 1.33 lita (amene amakonzekeretsa Yaris), woyamba wapambana mbali zonse. Ndi yamphamvu kwambiri, imakhala ndi torque yambiri, imapereka mathamangitsidwe abwinoko ndipo pamapeto pake imakhala ndi bilu yotsika yamafuta ndi mpweya. Zabwino, sichoncho? Tiwona.
Chitsanzo choyamba kulandira injini iyi idzakhala Toyota Yaris yatsopano (yomwe idzaperekedwa mu March pa Geneva Motor Show). Mu galimoto zofunikira, latsopano 1.5 lita injini adzabwera utumiki ndi 111 HP ndi 135 Nm makokedwe, ndiko kuti, 12 hp ndi 10 Nm makokedwe kuposa chipika 1.33 lita, motero kulola tsogolo Yaris kukumana 0- 100. Km/h mu chidwi 11 masekondi (0.8 masekondi zosakwana 1.33 malita). Mu kuchira kuchokera 80-120 Km/h nthawi 17.6 masekondi, 1.2 masekondi zochepa kuposa injini yapita.
Kodi Toyota idapeza bwanji zinthuzi?
Anadutsa zala zake ndikuyika pulogalamu yoyipa mu injini (ganizirani apa emoji ndi kumwetulira koyipa). Inde sichoncho. Nthabwala pambali, zomwe Toyota adachita zinali zovuta kwambiri: idakhazikika pamiyeso yayikulu ya injini za Mazda ndikuwonjezera chidziwitso chonse chomwe chili nacho pakupanga injini zamafuta (ngakhale chifukwa chake amapangira injini za Dizilo).Potsatira malamulo a Euro 6c emissions, Toyota imati 38.5% kutentha kwa injini iyi, chiwerengero chomwe chimayiyika pamwamba pa kalasi yake. Mtengo uwu unakwaniritsidwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa psinjika kwa 13.5: 1, kukhazikitsidwa kwa valve yotulutsa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya (EGR) ndi ntchito yokwanira yoyang'anira nthawi yotsegulira valavu (VVTi-E) - zomwe zidzalola kusinthana pakati pa Otto ndi Kuzungulira kwa Atkinson kutengera kuchuluka kwa injini.
Kodi tiyiwumbitsira nkhaniyo pang'ono?
THE mkulu psinjika chiŵerengero Injini iyi (13.5: 1) inali yotheka chifukwa cha kukonzanso kwa chipinda choyaka moto, ndi cholinga cholimbikitsa kusakaniza kosakanikirana kwa mpweya / mafuta, motero, kuyaka bwino komanso kupangika kochepa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono toyipa.
Nayenso, kukhalapo kwa Vavu ya EGR itakhazikika, imachepetsa kutentha kwa moto poletsa kutentha kwa mafuta (mfundo 1) - pamutuwu, mungafune kuwerenga zomwe talemba za octane ya mafuta - motero kuchotsa kupindula kosakaniza ndi kutaya mafuta (mfundo 2).
Za makina atsopano otsegulira nthawi ya valve (VVTi-E), zomwe zimalola injini kusinthana pakati pa kuzungulira kwa Otto ndi Atkinson (ndi mosemphanitsa), palinso zambiri zonena. Dongosololi limayendetsedwa pakompyuta kudzera mu lamulo la hydraulic pa camshaft lomwe limachedwetsa kutseka kwa ma valve olowera. Cholinga cha dongosololi ndi kuchepetsa gawo loponderezedwa kuti muchepetse kutayika kwa inertial (Atkinson cycle), ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo amalola katundu wambiri, kubwereranso mofulumira kwa Otto kuti agwire bwino ntchito.
Timasiya zabwino kwambiri zomaliza: the madzi utakhazikika utsi wochuluka . Ndi injini yoyamba ya Toyota yokhala ndi teknoloji iyi yomwe imachepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya, kulola injini kuyendetsa ndi zosakaniza zowonda kwambiri. Monga dongosolo la EGR, dongosololi limathandizanso kuchepetsa kutentha kwa moto, kuwongolera kugwiritsa ntchito komanso kuchepetsa mpweya woipa.
Tsogolo la injini yatsopanoyi
Tili otsimikiza kuti m'tsogolomu padzakhala mitundu yambiri ya injini iyi. Ndiye mtundu wa turbo, wokhoza kupitilira mphamvu 200 hp. Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti tsogolo la galimoto limadalira magetsi, sizowonanso kuti injini zoyaka moto zidzapitirira "mozungulira" kwa zaka zambiri.
Monga tinalonjeza kumayambiriro kwa nkhaniyo, mawu ake anali aatali komanso otopetsa. Chifukwa chake tinaganiza zoyika kumapeto kwa nkhaniyi chithunzi cha Fernando Alonso akupuma. Mwa njira, kodi mumadziwa kuti bwenzi lakale la Rossi ali pachibwenzi ndi Alonso? Miseche pang'ono kuti mupumule. Kuyenera kuti kunali kubwezera nkhani imene tinalembayi.
