I-Toyota izimisele ngokuvala indawo elahlekile emqhudelwaneni wayo ose-Europe. I-C-HR entsha ibe uphawu lokuqala, eyesibili yile njini entsha engu-1.5 litre hi-tech egcwele izimanga zobuchwepheshe.
Asikwazi ukuqala lo mbhalo nganoma iyiphi enye indlela: I-Mazda yayiqinisile (ngegama eligqamile ngakho akungabazeki). Asikhathali ukuphinda lokhu ngoba ngesikhathi bonke abanye abakhiqizi (bonke!) besondela ekushajeni kakhulu kanye nasekunciphiseni ukushintshwa kwenjini, iMazda yenza okuphambene impela, iphikisana ngokuthi izinjini ezincane azizange zinikeze inzuzo ephumelelayo mayelana nokunciphisa amandla enjini. ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. Wonke umuntu (okufakwe nabezindaba ezikhethekile) ubesengomeni - ngaphandle kokukhethekile.Namuhla siyazi ukuthi akuyona indlela okufanele sihambe ngayo. I-Toyota ingomunye wabakhiqizi bokuqala abahlehla endleleni eyanciphisa izinjini, futhi manje isizethula ngebhulokhi entsha egcwele ubuchwepheshe obusha. Ake sithole imininingwane? Umbhalo mude futhi unesicefe, kunesexwayiso (noma ubani ofika ekugcineni unesimanga…).
izinombolo ezinkulu
Njengoba kakade ithuthukiswe ngokuvumelana nezindinganiso zemvelo ze-Euro 6c zesikhathi esizayo kanye nezimfuneko zokugunyazwa kwe-RDE (Real Driving Emission), le njini iyilungu lomndeni wenjini entsha yakwaToyota i-ESTEC (Superior Thermal Efficiency). Lokhu kusho ukuthi le njini isivele izuza engcebweni yobuchwepheshe (esizoyichaza ngezansi) ehlinzeka, ngokusho komkhiqizo, "ukusebenza okungcono kanye nokushayela okumnandi, kuyilapho ngesikhathi esifanayo ithola ukuncipha kwamaphesenti angu-12 ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli. , ngokuhambisana nenqubo yokuhlola esemthethweni ye-NEDC”.
“(…) okwenziwa yiToyota kwakubi kakhulu: ithathe imali ephuma ezilinganisweni zokucindezela okuphezulu kwezinjini zeMazda yase yengeza zonke izinto kuyo. yazi kanjani enakho ekuthuthukisweni kwezinjini zikaphethiloli"
Ngokusho kohlobo lwaseJapan, uma uqhathanisa le njini entsha engu-1.5 litre four-cylinder enenjini yamanje engu-1.33 litre (ehlomisa iYaris), eyokuqala iwina kuzo zonke izinhlaka. Inamandla kakhulu, inetorque eyengeziwe, inikeza ukusheshisa okungcono futhi ekugcineni inezindleko eziphansi zikaphethiloli kanye nesisi esikhipha umoya. Kuhle, akunjalo? Sizobona.
Uhlobo lokuqala oluzothola le njini kuzoba yiToyota Yaris entsha (ezokwethulwa ngoNdasa embukisweni wezimoto iGeneva Motor Show). Kule nqola esetshenziswayo, injini entsha engu-1.5 litre izoqala ukusebenza ne-111 hp kanye ne-torque engu-135 Nm, okusho ukuthi, 12 hp kanye ne-torque engu-10 Nm ngaphezu kwe-1.33 litre block, okwenza iYaris yakusasa ihlangane no-0- 100. km/h ngemizuzwana eyi-11 ethokozisayo (imizuzwana engu-0.8 ngaphansi kwamalitha angu-1.33). Lapho ilulama isuka ku-80-120 km/h isikhathi siyimizuzwana engu-17.6, imizuzwana engu-1.2 ngaphansi kwenjini yangaphambili.
I-Toyota iwathole kanjani lawa magugu?
Weqa iminwe yakhe wafaka isoftware enonya enjinini (icabange lapha i-emoji emamatheka kabi). Vele akunjalo. Ngaphandle kwamahlaya, okwenziwa iToyota kwakubucayi kakhulu: yazisekela ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu kwezinjini zeMazda futhi yengeza lonke ulwazi enalo ekuthuthukisweni kwezinjini zikaphethiloli (ngisho nokuthi kungani kwakhiwa izinjini zikaDiesel). hhayi ngeToyota…).Ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-Euro 6c emission, kwaToyota bathi le njini ikwazi ukusebenza kahle ngo-38.5%, okuyisibalo esiyibeka phezulu esigabeni sayo. Leli nani lifinyelelwe ngenxa yesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuminyanisa esingu-13.5:1, ukwamukelwa kwevalvu yokukhipha igesi ephumayo (EGR) kanye nomsebenzi ophelele wokuphatha isikhathi sokuvula i-valve (VVTi-E) - okuzovumela ukushintsha phakathi kwe-Otto ne-Otto. Umjikelezo womlilo we-Atkinson kuye ngomthwalo wenjini.
Ngabe sizoyixaka kancane le ndaba?
THE isilinganiso esiphezulu sokucindezela Le njini (13.5:1) yaba khona kuphela ngenxa yokuklanywa kabusha kwegumbi elivuthayo, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ingxube yomoya/uphethiloli elinganayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukusha okuphumelelayo nokwakheka okuncane kwezinhlayiya eziyingozi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuba khona kwe I-valve ye-EGR ipholile, kunciphisa izinga lokushisa lomlilo ngokuvimbela ukushiswa kukaphethiloli (iphuzu 1) - kulesi sihloko, ungase ufune ukufunda lokho esikubhalile mayelana ne-octane yamafutha - ngaleyo ndlela uqede ukunothisa ingxube kanye nemfucumfucu kaphethiloli (iphuzu lesi-2).
Mayelana ne- uhlelo olusha lwe-valve yokuvula isikhathi (VVTi-E), lokho kuvumela injini ukuthi ishintshe phakathi kwemijikelezo yomlilo ye-Otto ne-Atkinson (futhi ngokuphambene nalokho), kuningi futhi ongakusho. Lolu hlelo lulawulwa nge-elekthronikhi ngomyalo we-hydraulic ku-camshaft obambezela ukuvala ama-valve okungenisa. Inhloso yalolu hlelo ukunciphisa isigaba sokucindezela ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwe-inertial (umjikelezo we-Atkinson), futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo uvumele imithwalo ephezulu, ukubuyisela ngokushesha kumjikelezo we-Otto ukuze usebenze kangcono.
Sishiya okuhle kakhulu okokugcina: the amanzi apholise i-exhaust eningi . Yinjini yokuqala yakwaToyota ehlonywe ngalobu buchwepheshe eyehlisa izinga lokushisa lamagesi e-exhaust, okuvumela injini ukuthi isebenze nezingxube ezinomzimba omncane kakhulu. Njengohlelo lwe-EGR, lolu hlelo luphinde lusize ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa lomlilo, luthuthukise ukusetshenziswa nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolile.
Ikusasa lale njini entsha
Siyaqiniseka ukuthi esikhathini esizayo kuzoba nezinguqulo ezengeziwe zale njini. Okungukuthi inguqulo ye-turbo, ekwazi ukudlula amandla angu-200 hp. Nakuba kuyiqiniso ukuthi ikusasa lemoto lincike ekufakweni kukagesi, kuyiqiniso futhi ukuthi izinjini ezivuthayo zizoqhubeka “zizungezile” iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
Njengoba sathembisa ekuqaleni kwalesi sihloko, umbhalo wawumude futhi uyisicefe. Ngakho-ke sinqume ukubeka ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko isithombe sikaFernando Alonso ephumule. Ngendlela, bewazi ukuthi intombi kaRossi yakudala ithandana no-Alonso? Ukuhleba okuncane ukuze nje uphumule. Kufanele ukuthi kube ukuziphindiselela ngalesi sihloko esisibhalile.
