Toyota inoda kutsiva nzvimbo yakarasika kumakwikwi ayo muEurope. Iyo C-HR itsva yaive chiratidzo chekutanga, chechipiri ichi chitsva 1.5 litre hi-tech injini izere nezvidiki zvinoshamisa zvetekinoroji.
Hatikwanise kutanga chinyorwa ichi neimwe nzira: Mazda yaive chokwadi (mune bold saka hapana kupokana). Isu hatineti nekudzokorora izvi nekuti kana vamwe vese vanogadzira (vese!) vachifamba vakananga kune supercharging uye kudzikira kweinjini kutamiswa, Mazda yakaita zvakapesana, ichikakavara kuti mainjini madiki haana kupa budiriro inobudirira maererano nekudzikisa injini. kushandiswa kwemafuta. Wese (mutori wenhau wakasarudzika unosanganisirwa) aive murwiyo - nezvimwe zvinoremekedzwa.Nhasi tinoziva kuti iyi haisiriyo nzira yekuenda nayo. Toyota ndeimwe yevagadziri vekutanga kudzoka kubva kuvertigo kwaive kudzikiswa kweinjini, uye ikozvino inozvipa pachayo nebhuroko idzva rakazara nehunyanzvi hwekuita. Ngatisvike kumashoko acho? Chinyorwa chakareba uye chinofinha, pane yambiro (chero anosvika kumagumo ane chishamiso…).
nhamba huru
Yakatogadzirwa zvinoenderana neremangwana Euro 6c yezvakatipoteredza zviyero uye RDE (Real Driving Emission) zvinodiwa zvekubvumidzwa, injini iyi inhengo yeToyota's itsva ESTEC (Superior Thermal Efficiency) yemhuri. Izvi zvinoreva kuti injini iyi inotobatsira kubva kune hupfumi hwetekinoroji (iyo yatichatsanangura pazasi) inopa, maererano nechiratidzo, "kushanda kuri nani uye kunakidza dhiraivha, ukuwo uchiwana kudzikiswa kweanosvika gumi nemaviri muzana. kushandiswa kwemafuta. , zvinoenderana nezviri pamutemo NEDC bvunzo maitiro ”.
"(...) zvakaitwa neToyota zvaive zvakakomba: zvakatora mari kubva kune yakakwirira compression ratios yeMazda injini uye yakawedzera zvinhu zvese kwairi. ziva sei iyo ine mukugadzirwa kweinjini dzepeturu"
Zvinoenderana nerudzi rweJapan, tichienzanisa iyi nyowani 1.5 litre ina-cylinder injini neizvino 1.33 litita injini (iyo inoshongedza iyo Yaris), yekutanga inohwina pamativi ese. Iyo ine simba rakawanda, ine torque yakawanda, inopa zvirinani kukurumidza uye pakupedzisira ine yakaderera mafuta bhiri uye emissions. Zvakanaka, handizvo here? Tichaona.
Muenzaniso wekutanga kugamuchira injini iyi ichava Toyota Yaris itsva (iyo icharatidzwa muna March paGeneva Motor Show). Mumotokari iyi yekushandisa, injini itsva ye 1.5 litre ichauya kuzoshanda ne 111 hp uye 135 Nm ye torque, kureva, 12 hp uye 10 Nm ye torque kupfuura iyo 1.33 litre block, zvichiita kuti ramangwana Yaris isangane ne0- 100. km/h mune zvinonakidza 11 seconds (0.8 seconds isingasviki 1.33 litres). Pakupora kubva 80-120 km/h nguva iri 17.6 masekondi, 1.2 masekonzi zvishoma pane yapfuura injini.
Ko Toyota yakawana sei tsika idzi?
Akayambuka zvigunwe zvake ndokuisa software yakaipa muinjini (imagine apa emoji ine nyemwerero yakaipa). Chokwadi kwete. Majee parutivi, zvakaitwa neToyota zvaive zvakakomba: zvakazvimisira pahupamhi hwekumanikidzana kweinjini dzeMazda uye yakawedzera ruzivo rwese rwainarwo mukugadzirwa kweinjini dzepeturu (kunyangwe nei kugadzira injini dzeDiesel) kwete neToyota…).Kutevedzera mitemo yeEuro 6c emission, Toyota inoti 38.5% yekupisa kweinjini iyi, chimiro chinoiisa pamusoro pekirasi yayo. Ukoshi uhwu hwakawanikwa nekuda kweiyo yakakwira compression reshiyo ye13.5: 1, kutorwa kweiyo exhaust gasi recirculation valve (EGR) uye basa rinopedza mukutonga nguva yekuvhura vharafu (VVTi-E) - inobvumira kuchinja pakati peOtto ne Atkinson combustion cycle zvinoenderana nekuremerwa kweinjini.
Toomesa nyaya yacho zvishoma here?
THE high compression ratio Injini iyi (13.5: 1) yakangogoneka nekuda kwekugadzirisazve kwekamuri rinopisa, nechinangwa chekusimudzira mhepo yakawanda / mafuta musanganiswa uye, naizvozvo, kupisa kunobudirira uye kuderera kuumbwa kwezvikamu zvinokuvadza.
Uyewo, kuvapo kwe EGR vharafu yakatonhodzwa, inoderedza kupisa kwekupisa nekudzivirira mafuta ekutanga (poindi 1) - panyaya iyi, ungada kuverenga zvatakanyora pamusoro pemafuta octane - nokudaro kubvisa kupfumisa musanganiswa uye tsvina yepetroli (pfungwa 2).
About the itsva valve yekuvhura nguva yekusiyanisa system (VVTi-E), iyo inobvumira injini kuchinja pakati peOtto neAtkinson combustion cycles (uye zvinopesana), panewo zvakawanda zvokutaura. Iyi sisitimu inodzorwa nemagetsi kuburikidza ne hydraulic command pane camshaft inononoka kuvharwa kwemavharuvhu ekutora. Chinangwa chegadziriro iyi ndechekuderedza chikamu chekugadzirisa kuderedza kurasikirwa kweinertial (Atkinson cycle), uye panguva imwechete inobvumira mitoro yakakwirira, kukurumidza kudzoka kuOtto cycle kuitira kushanda zvakanaka.
Isu tinosiya zvakanakisa zvekupedzisira: iyo mvura yakatonhodzwa exhaust yakawanda . Ndiyo yekutanga injini yeToyota ine tekinoroji iyi inoderedza tembiricha yemagasi emhepo, ichibvumira injini kuti imhanye nemusanganiswa wakaonda kwazvo. Kufanana neEGR system, iyi sisitimu inobatsirawo kudzikisira tembiricha yekupisa, kunatsiridza kushandiswa uye kuderedza kusvibiswa kwegasi.
Remangwana reinjini itsva iyi
Tine chokwadi chekuti mune ramangwana kuchava neshanduro dzakawanda dzeinjini iyi. Kureva turbo vhezheni, inokwanisa kudarika 200 hp yesimba. Kunyange zvazvo chiri chokwadi kuti ramangwana remotokari rinoenderana nemagetsi, hazvisi zvishoma kuti injini dzinopisa dzichaenderera mberi "dzakapoteredza" kwemakore akawanda ari kuuya.
Sezvatakavimbisa pakutanga kwechinyorwa chacho, mashoko acho akanga akareba uye achinetesa. Saka takasarudza kuisa pamagumo echinyorwa chino mufananidzo waFernando Alonso achizorora. Nenzira, wanga uchiziva here kuti aimbova musikana waRossi ari kufambidzana naAlonso? Kakuhwa kuti uzorore. Kunofanira kunge kwaiva kutsiva nokuda kwechinyorwa chatakanyora ichi.
