Kugirango ugere ku kutabogama kwinshi kwa karubone, usibye amashanyarazi, ihuriro ryashinzwe na Toyota, Subaru, Mazda, Yamaha na Kawasaki Heavy Industries ryibanda cyane ku kongera ibicanwa bitandukanye bikoreshwa na moteri yaka imbere.
Hagati aho, hakurya y’isi, i Glasgow, muri otcosse, mu nama y’ibihe bya COP26, ibihugu byinshi, imijyi, amasosiyete kandi byanze bikunze, abakora imodoka basinyiye itangazo ryihutisha amashanyarazi mu 2040 bakarandura burundu imbere. moteri yo gutwika kuva kuringaniza.
Ibyo byavuzwe, ubwo bufatanye ntibusobanura ko barwanya ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi - Toyota, Subaru na Mazda nabo batangaje gahunda yo kongera amashanyarazi murwego rwabo. Ariko bakomeje kurengera akamaro ko gukomeza guhitamo, ariko kandi baha abakiriya babo ubushobozi bwo guhitamo ikoranabuhanga rihuye nibyifuzo byabo.
Ibikorwa bitatu
Ariko gutereta nk'amashanyarazi ntibisobanura, nk'uko babivuze, ko moteri yo gutwika imbere igomba gutabwa, ndetse hitabwa ku mbogamizi zigomba gutsinda mu gukora, gutwara no gukoresha ibyo bicanwa bishya.
Ni yo mpamvu, ibigo bitanu byiyemeje guhuriza hamwe no gukurikirana ibikorwa bitatu byatangajwe kandi bishyirwa mu bikorwa, ku nshuro ya mbere, mu mpera zicyumweru gishize cyo ku ya 13 na 14 Ugushyingo, kuri 3H ya Super Taikyu Race (shampiona yo kwihangana) i Okayama.
- kwitabira amarushanwa ukoresheje lisansi idafite aho ibogamiye;
- shakisha ikoreshwa rya moteri ya hydrogen (gutwika) muri moto nizindi modoka;
- komeza ukoreshe moteri ya hydrogen (gutwika).
Muri wikendi, no kurwanya gahunda yambere 1), Mazda yasiganwe mumasomo ya ST-Q (icyiciro cyimodoka zipiganwa zidahuje igitsina, ni ukuvuga imiterere yubushakashatsi) hamwe na prototype Demio ("Mazda2" yacu ifite ibikoresho bya a verisiyo ya moteri ya 1.5 Skyactiv-D ikora kuri mazutu ikomoka kuri biomass, itangwa na Euglena Co., Ltd.
Nicyifuzo cya Mazda gukora ibizamini byinshi byo kugenzura bishoboka, ntabwo byongera ubwizerwe bwikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa gusa, ahubwo binagira uruhare mukwagura ikoreshwa ryigihe kizaza cya bio-mazutu.
Ku rundi ruhande, Toyota na Subaru bombi batangaje ko bazitabira shampiyona ya 2022 ya Super Taikyu, no mu cyiciro cya ST-Q, hamwe na GR86 na BRZ ikoreshwa na lisansi ikora, nayo ikomoka kuri biomass, kugeza kwihutisha iterambere ryikoranabuhanga rijyanye.
Kubyerekeranye na gahunda 2), Yamaha na Kawasaki batangiye ibiganiro bigamije guteza imbere moteri ya hydrogen ya moto. Bidatinze bazahuzwa na Honda na Suzuki, bazashakisha uburyo bwo kutabogama kwa karubone bifuza no gukoresha moteri yaka imbere mumodoka yibiziga bibiri.
Mubikorwa 3) turagaruka kumutwe umaze kuvugwa na Razão Automóvel: moteri ya hydrogen ya Toyota. Moteri igihangange cyabayapani cyatangiye gukora kuva 2016 kubufatanye na Yamaha na Denso.
Kuri ubu, Toyota Corolla, ikora kuri verisiyo ya moteri ya GR Yaris, imenyereye gukoresha hydrogene nka lisansi, yamaze kwitabira amarushanwa ane (harimo n'aya Okayama). Kuva ikizamini cya mbere - Amasaha 24 Fuji Super TEC - ihindagurika rya moteri ryahoranye kandi ibisubizo biratangaje.
Nyuma yamasiganwa abiri yambere, Toyota yatangaje ko moteri ya hydrogène ya Corolla yari imaze gutanga ingufu za 20% nizindi 30%, hanyuma nyuma yisiganwa rya gatatu, ubwihindurize bwa nyuma bwa moteri bwabonye imbaraga n’agaciro ka torque. , kimwe, 5% na 10% birenze, bimaze kurenga imikorere ya moteri ihwanye na lisansi.
Nubwo ingufu n’umuriro byiyongereye, Toyota ivuga ko gukoresha lisansi byakomeje kuba bimwe. Niba basubiye mumbaraga na torque indangagaciro zubwoko bwa mbere (Amasaha 24 Fuji Super TEC), gukoresha lisansi byaba munsi ya 20%.
Ibibazo
Usibye iyi gahunda yibanze ku ikoreshwa rya lisansi idafite aho ibogamiye, imbogamizi zigomba gukemuka zireba umusaruro no gutwara. Toyota yakoranye namakomine namasosiyete menshi kugirango ibone hydrogène yicyatsi ikeneye mugihe cyigihe cya Super Taikyu. Iyi hydrogène izaturuka ahantu hatandukanye, kuva kuri biyogazi ikomoka kumyanda, kugeza ingufu zizuba hamwe nubutaka.
Kubijyanye na transport, ikibazo gikomeye nukwongera imikorere yibikorwa byose. Kuva mumamodoka ayitwara (ubwoko bwa lisansi ikoreshwa nubwoko bwa moteri) kugeza kubigega bya hydrogène.
Amakamyo akoreshwa mu gutwara hydrogène akoresha ibigega by'icyuma, usibye kuba biremereye, bitemerera umuvuduko mwinshi w'imbere, bigabanya urugero rwa hydrogène bashobora gutwara. Toyota, ifatanije na CJTP (Toyota na Commercial Technologies Technologies Technologies), izakoresha tanks yoroshye (fibre karubone) itanga ingufu nyinshi, ikoresheje tekinoroji imwe imaze kugerageza muri Mirai.